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China’s Gifts 3.6.2 to the World CAUSE AND EFFECT GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS SUMMARY This book describes the art and R EAD TH E BOO K culture of China. It focuses on the ancient art SET PURPOSE Have students set a purpose for of calligraphy, describing the process by which reading China’s Gifts to the World. Students’ calligraphers make their own ink and study interest and curiosity about China and the how to make the 50,000 characters in the Chinese language can guide this purpose. As Chinese written language. students read, suggest that they take down LESSON VOCABULARY notes that might provide answers to any bristles dialects questions they have about the subject. diverse expedition STRATEGY SUPPORT: GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS flourished ingredient To give students more support in learning to inspiration literate summarize and organize what they read, help muffled techniques them apply a graphic organizer to reading this translation book. For instance, draw attention to the chart on page 23. Ask students how it helps to make INTRO D UCE TH E BOO K the Chinese character clear. INTRODUCE THE TITLE AND AUTHOR Introduce COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS students to the title and the author of the PAGE 5 How was China kept isolated from book. Ask students what kind of information the rest of the world for so many years? they think this book will provide, based on the (It is surrounded by tall mountains and huge title. deserts.) BUILD BACKGROUND Discuss with students PAGE 11 Read the poem by Li Po. What feeling what they know about China. What do they does this poem give you? (peaceful, calm, know about the art of calligraphy? Ask happy) students if they ever studied an art form (music, drawing) that required lots of practice. PAGE 15 Look at the table. Why is it important to make all the ink you will need at one time? PREVIEW/USE ILLUSTRATIONS AND CAPTIONS (It is difficult to make two batches of ink that Suggest students skim the text and look at are exactly the same color.) the illustrations and captions. Ask students what clues these elements give them as to PAGE 17 Do you think it takes longer to learn what this book might be about. our 26-letter alphabet, or 7,000 Chinese characters? (longer to learn the Chinese Ask students to look at the historical characters since they need more practice) map on page 4. Have them trace the trade routes and identify the countries that the routes passed through. 116 China’s Gifts to the World
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R EVISIT TH E BOO K Skill Work READER RESPONSE 1. The language is written in pictures instead TEACH/REVIEW VOCABULARY of letters. To reinforce the contextual meaning of 2. brushes; ink sticks; ink stones; paper the word literate on page 6, discuss with 3. Antonyms: diverse, same; flourished, fared students how the phrase can read helps to poorly; literate, illiterate, not able to read or guess the meaning of the world literate. write, uneducated; muffled, clear, sharp Do this with the rest of the vocabulary 4. practicing to use a brush (“mo”); words in the story. copying from a model (“lin”); writing your own thoughts and developing TARGET SKILL AND STRATEGY your own style (“xie”) CAUSE AND EFFECT Remind students that Responses will vary. an effect is what happened, and a cause is why something happened. Have the EXTEND UNDERSTANDING Have students students read pages 9–10. Ask: Why was research the history of our alphabet on the the poet Li Po sent to jail? Internet. Can they easily read a book that was first printed in 1600? Have them imagine what GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Remind students it would be like to live in China and be easily that graphic organizers are visual ways to able to read poems and books printed at organize information as they read. Students that time. can use graphic organizers to strengthen their understanding of the text. Have the RESPONSE OPTIONS students create a cause-and-effect chart WRITING Imagine that you are traveling to and fill it in as they read whenever they China with the young Marco Polo in the late come to an event or happening that was 1200s. Describe the things that you see, caused by another event. smell, and taste along the way. Describe what it is like to see Chinese writing for ADDITIONAL SKILL INSTRUCTION the first time. GENERALIZE Remind students that a generalization is a broad statement or SOCIAL STUDIES rule that applies to many examples. Have CONNECTION students read about brushes on page 12. There were many While the text describes some of the things that the Chinese different kinds of brushes, what elements developed before the Europeans. are common to all brushes? (bamboo reed Make a list of some of the things that handle, animal hair bristles) the book says were first invented in China. China’s Gifts to the World 117
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Name China’s Gifts Cause and Effect • A cause is why something happened. • An effect is what happened. Directions Skim through China’s Gifts to the World to find the text on the following topics. For each topic, list one cause and one effect. Causes Effects 1. Xuan paper 2. Why did it happen? What happened? 3. The mountains and deserts of 4. China Why did it happen? What happened? 5. Li Po’s favorite activities 6. Why did it happen? What happened? 7. Li Po and the emperor 8. Why did it happen? What happened? © Pearson Education 3 9. Calligraphy surfaces 10. Why did it happen? What happened? 118
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Name China’s Gifts Vocabulary Directions Fill in the blank with the word from the box that matches the definition. Check the Words You Know bristles dialects diverse expedition flourished ingredient inspiration literate muffled techniques translation 1. v. steadily grew, expanded 2. n. something that stimulates a person to be creative 3. n. the hairs on a brush 4. adj. unable to be heard; wrapped with material to deaden the sound 5. n. one of several substances mixed together to make a new substance 6. n. a journey with a specific purpose 7. n. methods of doing something Directions Write a paragraph about China using the words dialects, diverse, literate, and translation. © Pearson Education 3 119
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