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1 Chapter 1: The World of the Modern Systems Analyst Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition www.goupee.com
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1 Learning Objectives Explain the key role of a systems analyst in business Describe the various types of systems an analyst might work on Explain the importance of technical, people, and business skills for an analyst Explain why ethical behavior is crucial for a systems analyst’s career Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 2
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1 Learning Objectives (continued) Describe the many types of technology an analyst needs to understand Describe various job titles and places of employment where analysis and design work is done Discuss the analyst’s role in strategic planning for an organization Describe the analyst’s role in a system development project Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 3
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1 Overview Information Systems Crucial to success of modern business organizations Constantly being developed to make business more competitive Impact productivity and profits Keys to successful systems development Thorough systems analysis and design Understanding what business requires Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 4
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1 Overview (continued) Systems analysis – what system should do Systems design – how components of information system should be physically implemented Systems analyst – uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems with information technology Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 5
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1 The Analyst as a Business Problem Solver Has computer technology knowledge and programming expertise Understands business problems Uses logical methods for solving problems Has fundamental curiosity Wants to make things better Is more of a business problem solver than technical programmer Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 6
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1 Analyst’s Approach to Problem Solving Research and understand the problem Verify that the benefits of solving the problem outweigh the costs Define the requirements for solving the problem Develop a set of possible solutions (alternatives) Decide which solution is best, and make a recommendation Define the details of the chosen solution Implement the solution Monitor to make sure that you obtain the desired results Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 7
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1 Systems That Solve Business Problems System – interrelated components functioning together to achieve outcome Information systems – collection of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and provide as output information needed to complete tasks Subsystems – part of larger system Supersystem – larger system contains subsystem Functional decomposition – dividing system into smaller subsystems and components Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 8
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1 Information Systems and Component Parts Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 10
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1 System Boundary vs. Automation Boundary Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 11
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1 Types of Information Systems Transaction processing systems (TPS) Capture and record information about organization’s transactions Management information systems (MIS) Take information captured by TPS Produce reports for planning and control Executive information systems (EIS) Monitoring competitive environment and strategic planning Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 12
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1 Types of Information Systems (continued) Decision support systems (DSS) Explore impact of available options or decisions (What-if scenarios) Communication support systems Facilitate communication internally and with customers and suppliers Office support systems Help employees create and share documents Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 13
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1 Types of Information Systems (continued) Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 14
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1 Required Skills of the Systems Analyst An analyst should have fundamental technology knowledge of: Computers / peripheral devices (hardware) Communication networks and connectivity Database and database management systems (DBMS) Programming languages (for example: VB.NET or Java) Operating systems and utilities Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 15
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1 Technical Knowledge and Skills Analyst uses tools: Software productivity packages (MS Office) Integrated development environments (IDEs) for programming languages CASE tools / coding, testing, and documentation support packages Analyst understands SDLC phase techniques: Project planning Systems analysis, systems design Construction, implementation, systems support Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 16
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1 Business Knowledge and Skills Analyst must understand: Business functions performed by organization Organizational structure Organization management techniques Functional work processes Systems analysts typically study business administration in college Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 17
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1 People Knowledge and Skills Systems analysts need to understand how people: Think Learn React to change Communicate Work (in a variety of jobs and levels) Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 18
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1 People Knowledge and Skills (continued) Interpersonal and communication skills are crucial to: Obtaining information Motivating people Getting cooperation Understanding the complexity and workings of an organization in order to provide necessary support Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 19
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1 Integrity and Ethics Analyst has access to confidential information such as salary, an organization’s planned projects, security systems, etc. Must keep information private Any impropriety can ruin an analyst’s career Analyst plans security in systems to protect confidential information Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 20
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