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Copyright © by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to School Permissions and Copyrights, Harcourt, Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887-6777. Fax: 407-345-2418. HARCOURT and the Harcourt Logo are trademarks of Harcourt, Inc., registered in the United States of America and/or other jurisdictions. Printed in Mexico ISBN-13: 978-0-15-352325-0 ISBN-10: 0-15-352325-5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 050 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Harcourt School Publishers retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited and is illegal. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.
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Animal and Plant Needs Living Things. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Food and Water for Animals . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Animals Need Air and Shelter . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Water, Light, and Air for Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Sunlight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
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Living Things Living things need food, water, and air. Living things grow and change. They can make new living things. The frog on this statue is a living thing. 2
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Moose are living things. They need water. Animals are living things. Plants are living things. Living things are almost everywhere on Earth. They need things to grow and stay healthy. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS What are some living things? 3
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Food and Water for Animals Animals need food to live and grow. They have to find their food. Some birds find food in lakes, rivers, or oceans. These birds eat fish. Some animals eat plants. Some eat other animals. 4
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Animals also need water to live and grow. Zebras drink from ponds. They also get water from the foods they eat. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS What are two things animals need? 5
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Animals Need Air and Shelter A fish uses gills to take air from water. Dogs use lungs to take in air. All animals need air to live. Fish use gills to get air from water. Most other animals use lungs to take in air. 6
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Prairie dog burrows are called towns or villages. These shelters can house over one thousand prairie dogs! Prairie dogs live in holes called burrows. Animals also need shelter. A shelter is where an animal can be safe. Prairie dogs dig holes for shelter. Some birds build nests. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS What do animals need shelter for? 7
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Water, Light, and Air for Plants The Venus Fly Trap is not like most plants. It gets some of its food by catching insects! Some plants get water from rain. People water some plants. Plants make their own food. They need water, light, and air to make food. Plants also need nutrients from the soil. Roots take in the water and nutrients that plants need. 8
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A bald-cypress does not store water like a cactus. It grows well in or The saguaro cactus stores near water. water in its spines. Some kinds of plants need a lot of water. Other kinds, like cactus plants, need less water. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS What do plants need to make food? 9
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Sunlight If you plant sunflowers in the shade, they will stretch and grow toward the sun. Plants get light from the sun. Leaves take in light and air. Some plants need more light than others. Sunflowers need a lot of light. Ferns do not need a lot of light. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS What part of a plant takes in light and air? 10
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Ferns can grow on the forest floor because they do not need much light to live. Summary Animals need food, water, air, and shelter. Plants need light, water, and air. Roots take in water and nutrients. Leaves take in light and air. 11
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Glossary leaves The parts of a plant that take in light and air to make food. (10, 11) roots The parts of a plant that hold it in the soil and take in water and nutrients. (8, 11) shelter A place where a person or an animal can be safe. (7, 11)
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Think and Write 1. What do animals need to live and grow? 2. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS What do plants need to live and grow? 3. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS What body parts do animals have that help them take in air? 4. Write about how roots help a plant. Hands-On Activity Wrap a rock and a plant in plastic. Put them in a dark place. What do you observe after one week? Two weeks? School-Home Connection Talk with a family member about the needs of plants and animals. What needs do people have?
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