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by Dan Greenbergby Dan Greenberg ILLUSTRATION CREDIT: Scott MacNeill PHOTOGRAPHY CREDITS: Cover © Richard Cummins/Corbis. 1 Martyn Goddard/Alamy. 2 (tl) © Michael Ochs Archives/ Corbis. (br) © Myopia/Corbis. 4 © April 2003. Illinois Route 66 Heritage Project. Photo by Patty Kuhn. 5 Franck Fotos/ Alamy. 6 © Tom Brakefield/CORBIS. 7 Danita Delimont/Alamy. 8 © Richard Cummins/Corbis. 9 © Robert Estall/CORBIS. 10 Martyn Goddard/Alamy. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. With the exception of nonprofit transcription into Braille, Houghton Mifflin is not authorized to grant permission for further uses of this work. Permission must be obtained from the individual copyright owner as identified herein. Address requests for permission to make copies of Houghton Mifflin material to School Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Company, 222 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116. Printed in China ISBN-13: 978-0-547-02185-0 ISBN-10: 0-547-02185-2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 RRD 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08
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Introduction Who is your favorite singer? Can you name your favorite football player? Well, long ago, one highway was as famous as a music or sports star! The highway was Route 66. Everyone knew that road. Thousands drove on it. Singers sang about it. It seemed like everyone was having conversations about Route 66. But what made this highway so cool? Nat King Cole made the song “Route 66” a hit.
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66ROUTE MONTANA Chicago NEBRASKA UTAH ILLINOIS COLORADO KANSAS MISSOURI CALIFORNIA OKLAHOMA ARKANSAS Santa Monica ARIZONA NEW MEXICO ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI MEXICO TEXAS LOUSIANA The map shows Route 66. It passed through eight states and was about 2,450 miles long. Starting Over Life was hard in the 190s. Many people lost their jobs. Some lost their homes and farms. Many wanted to move to California. Life seemed better there. But how would they get there? California was far away. The idea of driving there filled people with terror. How could they get gas and food? Where would they sleep?
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66ROUTE MONTANA IOWA NEBRASKA ILLINOIS UTAH COLORADO KANSAS CALIFORNIA Mount Olive OKLAHOMA ARKANSAS ARIZONA NEW MEXICO ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI MEXICO TEXAS LOUSIANA Many people stopped at the Mt. Olive, Illinois, gas station. Route 66 changed everything. Suddenly, the long trip didn’t seem so hard. Driving down the smooth road was a pleasure. There were plenty of gas stations. If you got hungry, there were diners and cafes. If you got tired, there were places to sleep. The road inspired people to drive.
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In the 1930s, more than 200,000 people loaded their cars and drove to California on Route 66. In the 1940s, even more managed to make the trip. Soon there were songs and movies about this famous road. Everyone knew about Route 66! This statue greeted people in Tulsa, Oklahoma. 66ROUTE MONTANA IOWA NEBRASKA ILLINOIS UTAH COLORADO CALIFORNIA Tulsa OKLAHOMA ARKANSAS ARIZONA NEW MEXICO ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI MEXICO TEXAS LOUSIANA
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In its day, Route was America’s “super” highway. Compared to the roads we currently have, Route was small and scruffy. In some spots, Route was like a two-lane country road. But to travelers in the 1930s and 1940s, Route was the loveliest highway in America. Today, Route is still very popular. At Amarillo’s Big Texan Steak Ranch on Route 66, big eaters ordered the 4½-pound steak. 66ROUTE MONTANA IOWA NEBRASKA ILLINOIS UTAH COLORADO KANSAS MISSOURI CALIFORNIA OKLAHOMA ARKANSAS ARIZONA NEW MEXICO Amarillo ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI MEXICO TEXAS LOUSIANA
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66ROUTE MONTANA IOWA NEBRASKA ILLINOIS UTAH COLORADO KANSAS MISSOURI CALIFORNIA Joseph City OKLAHOMA ARKANSAS ARIZONA NEW MEXICO ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI MEXICO TEXAS LOUSIANA One of the highway’s most famous sites was the Jackrabbit Trading Post in Joseph City, Arizona. By the 1950s, you could get everything on Route 66, 24 hours a day. Ice cream? Cowboy hats? Advice on how to fix your car? Route 66 had it all. Fast food was invented on Route 66. In 1948, two brothers opened a little hamburger shop in San Bernadino, California. Perhaps you’ve heard of it. It was called McDonalds™.
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Cadillac Ranch, near Amarillo, Texas, has cars buried in the ground. Storeowners made a big effort to catch people’s eye with flashy signs and buildings. Did you want to visit a reptile farm? Or maybe a mysterious hideout for bandits to hold their reunions? A motel shaped like a tepee? You could do all of that and more on Route 66.
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The Beginning of the End In 156 a new highway law was passed. Highways were to be four lanes. So people started building four- lane highways. Drivers loved these new highways. They used the old, smaller highways, like Route 66, much less. In 185, Route 66 was put out of service. It disappeared from road maps. People forgot about Route 66. Freeways made long-distance driving faster but not more fun. Freeways went around local towns and businesses.
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Then a funny thing happened. People missed the famous road. They started clubs and groups to drive on the old road. They started websites that told about it. They wrote books and magazine articles. Now “Historic Route 66” is back on maps. Maybe you’ll visit it someday! Route 66 is still a popular highway. 10
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Responding TARGET VOCABULARY Word Builder Make a chart about advice on places to visit. Tell where to visit and why it’s a good place to see. Copy the chart and add more words. Where to Visit Why It’s a Good Place Cape Cod See the ocean. Write About It Text to Self Write about places you have visited. Give advice on what to do and see there. Use words from the chart in your writing. 11
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TARGET VOCABULARY advice loveliest conversations managed currently pleasure inspired reunion loaded terror TARGET STRATEGY Analyze/Evaluate Think about what you read. Then form an opinion about it. The highway made me feel . I drove and drove till I was tired! 12
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Level: O DRA: 38 Social Studies Strategy: Analyze/Evaluate Word Count: 696 3.5.23 Build Vocabulary HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Online Leveled Books ISBN-13: 978-0-547-02185-0 ISBN-10: 0-547-02185-2 1032077
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