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Fascinating FactsFascinating Facts •• Most Americans use nearly seven hundredMost Americans use nearly seven hundred pounds of paper each year.pounds of paper each year. •• Thirty-nine percent of things put inThirty-nine percent of things put in landfills are made of paper and could havelandfills are made of paper and could have been recycled.been recycled. •• It takes between five hundred and oneIt takes between five hundred and one thousand years for just one inch of richthousand years for just one inch of rich soil to form.soil to form. GenreGenre Comprehension SkillComprehension Skill Text FeaturesText Features Nonfi ctionNonfi ction Draw ConclusionsDraw Conclusions • Captions• Captions • Headings/Subheadings• Headings/Subheadings • Map• Map • Time Line• Time Line Scott Foresman Social StudiesScott Foresman Social Studies ì<(sk$m)=beicii<ì<(sk$m)=beicii<ISBNISBN 0-328-14828-80-328-14828-8 +^-Ä-U-Ä-U+^-Ä-U-Ä-U by Barbara Bigelowby Barbara Bigelow
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In this book you will read about natural Write to It! resources. Natural resources come from the Look around the room. What things come earth. Different parts of the United States from natural resources? Write two or have different resources. three sentences about your ideas. Vocabulary Write your sentences on a separate sheet of paper. natural resources region physical environment landform climate fuel mineral communities Illustration 3 ©Guy Porfirio Photographs Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeplyby Barbara Bigelow regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd) Opener: (C) ©Royalty-Free/Corbis, (T Bkgd) ©Getty Royalty Free, (B Bkgd) ©Getty Royalty Free 2 ©Wendell Metzen/Index Stock Imagery ISBN: 0-328-14828-8 4 ©David Muench/Corbis Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. 5 ©Royalty-Free/Corbis All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected 6 ©Getty Images by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited 7 ©Corbis reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, 8 ©Peter Adams/Getty ImagesEditorial Offices: Glenview, Illinois • Parsippany, New Jersey • New York, New York electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding 9 ©David R. Frazier Photolibrary, Inc./Alamy Images permission(s), write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, 10 ©Gary Vestal/Getty ImagesSales Offices: Needham, Massachusetts • Duluth, Georgia • Glenview, Illinois Glenview, Illinois 60025. 11 ©Tom Myers Coppell, Texas • Sacramento, California • Mesa, Arizona 13 ©The Granger Collection, NY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0G1 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 14 ©G.Brad Lewis/Photo Researchers, Inc.
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The regions of the United States are named for their locations on the map. This map shows the regions of the United States. West region Sand is a natural resource. Northeast region Midwest region Southwest region Southeast region Every region has resources. Look around you. Just about everything you see started out as a natural resource. Natural resources are useful things that come from the Earth. The paper in this book came from a tree. Our forests and trees are natural resources. 2 3
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That is a big one! The United States is a very big country. It is divided into different regions. A region is a large area of land. The regions of the United States have very different physical environments. You can tell one type of physical environment from another by looking at its landforms and its climate. This is a desert region with a hot climate. This is a mountain region with a cool climate. Some places in our country are hot, dry, and flat. Others are cool, hilly, and rocky. Still others have thick forests and green grass. 4 5
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Texas is a state in the Southwest. It is famous for its oil. Oil is a natural resource found underground. We use oil for fuel. Fuels provide Compass Rose us with heat and light. Oil wells are dug underground to reach the oil. Did that really come from Earth? The different regions of the United States have very different resources. Each region is made of several states. Let’s look at a few states and their resources. 6
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The state of Wisconsin is in the Midwest. Look at the potatoes the next time you This state has lots of cows, farmland, and are at the grocery store. Some of them are probably from Idaho. trees. Wisconsin is known for things such as milk and cheese. This state also makes paper. Farmers use natural resources to raise animals. Idaho is a state in the Northwest. Much of its land is used for farming. Idaho is famous for its potato crops. 9
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What is that shiny yellow stuff? Gold is a very valuable mineral. Gold was discovered in the Southwest region in California in 1848. Thousands of people moved west after gold was discovered. Our forests will be around for a long time if we are careful. Keep on planting! Forests are a natural resource. People can help make sure we do not run out of trees. When a tree is cut down, another one can be planted in its place. That came from a tree? Furniture and paper are not the only things made from trees. Some medicines, football helmets, paints, cough drops, and gum also Gold is a shiny yellow mineral. come from trees. 10 11
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How did they get to the gold? Gold is usually found in rock or mixed with soil. Miners panned for gold. They swirled water from streams in pans to separate the tiny pieces of gold from the dirt. Later, people dug deep holes in the earth called mines. They searched for larger chunks of gold. Then what happened? Not many miners got rich. By 1850 a lot of people decided to head home. Some people ended up staying in the West. Many became farmers. Communities were formed. In 1850 California became our country’s thirty-first state. Miners panned for gold. 12
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Hybrid Cars Can our natural resources Hybrid cars use two different types of run out? power. Hybrid cars run on gas and they run on Oil, coal, and natural gas were formed electricity. These cars use less gas than regular millions of years ago. These resources are used cars. for energy. Once we use up all the oil, coal, and natural gas these natural resources will be gone forever. By learning about resources, you also learn how you can help Earth. Hybrid cars keep the air cleaner. A Fuel Time Line 1839 1973 The first steam shovel The price of oil goes up in 2004 is invented. This the United States. People Scientists predict invention makes it much 1930s have to wait in lines for that plankton, easier to dig coal from Lots of oil is found hours at gas stations. sunflowers, and the ground. in Texas. bananas may be the fuels of the future. 1839 1859 1930s 1973 1997 2004 1859 1997 America’s first oil field is The gas-electric hybrid car is drilled in Pennsylvania. introduced in Japan. 14 15
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Glossary In this book you will read about natural Write to It! climateresources. Natural resources come from thethe kind of weather a place has Look around the room. What things come earth. Different parts of the United Statesfrom year to year from natural resources? Write two or communitieshave different resources.places where people live, three sentences about your ideas. work, and have fun together Vocabulary Write your sentences on a separate sheet fuel a resource that can be used to produce of paper. light, heat, or other forms of energynatural resources region landform a shape or part of the Earth’s physical environment surface, such as a mountain or a desert landform mineral a natural resource that has neverclimate been alive fuel natural resourcesmineraluseful things that come from the Earthcommunities Illustration 3 ©Guy Porfirio physical environment a region’s Photographs landforms and climate Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. region a large area of land with special Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd) Opener: (C) ©Royalty-Free/Corbis, (T Bkgd) ©Getty Royalty Free, (B Bkgd) ©Getty Royalty Free features 2 ©Wendell Metzen/Index Stock Imagery ISBN: 0-328-14828-8 4 ©David Muench/Corbis Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. 5 ©Royalty-Free/Corbis All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected 6 ©Getty Images by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited 7 ©Corbis reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, 8 ©Peter Adams/Getty Images electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding 9 ©David R. Frazier Photolibrary, Inc./Alamy Images permission(s), write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, 10 ©Gary Vestal/Getty Images Glenview, Illinois 60025. 11 ©Tom Myers 13 ©The Granger Collection, NY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0G1 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 14 ©G.Brad Lewis/Photo Researchers, Inc. 16
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