Life ScienceLife Science GenreGenre Comprehension SkillComprehension Skill Text FeaturesText Features Science ContentScience Content NonfictionNonfiction PredictPredict • Captions• Captions PlantsPlants • Labels• Labels • Glossary• Glossary Scott Foresman Science 2.1Scott Foresman Science 2.1 ì<(sk$m)=bdhgjf<ì<(sk$m)=bdhgjf<+^-Ä-U-Ä-U+^-Ä-U-Ä-U by Leslie Ann Rotskyby Leslie Ann Rotsky ISBNISBN 0-328-13769-30-328-13769-3
Vocabulary What did you learn?All About Plants adapted 1. What are the four parts of a plant? environment 2. What are two groups of plants?by Leslie Ann Rotsky flower 3. In this book you read leaves about ways plants are adapted to their environments. Write to explain two of these nutrients ways. Use words from the book as you write. prairie 4. Predict What would happen if you roots put a plant in a very dark room without any windows? stem Photographs: Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd) Title Page: ©DK Images 3 Corbis 4 (Bkgd, BL) ©DK Images 6 (CC) ©DK Images, (B) ©Michael Boys/ Corbis 7 (T) ©Ted Mead/PhotoLibrary, (CR) ©ChromaZone Images/Index Stock Imagery, (CR) ©DK Images, (B) ©Scott Camazine/Photo Researchers, Inc. 8 (CC) Ted Levin/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (R) Steve Kaufman/Corbis 10 (B) ©Bill Ross/Corbis, (TC) ©DK Images 11 (TR) Getty Images, (B) ©Ted Mead/PhotoLibrary 12 (B) ©M.P. Kahl/DRK Photo 13 (R) Royalty-Free/Corbis, (CR) ©DK Images 15 (Bkgd) ©Bob Wickham/PhotoLibrary, (BR, TR) ©DK Images 17 (Bkgd) Getty Images, (TR) ©Pat O’Hara/ Corbis, (BR) ©David Muench/Corbis 19 (TR) Steve Kaufman/Corbis, (BR) Patti Murray/Animals Animals/ Earth Scenes, (Bkgd) Randall Hyman Photography 21 (BR) ©OSF/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (TR) Image Quest 3-D/NHPA Limited, (Bkgd) ©David Muench 22 (TR) ©DK Images, (CC) Corbis, (B) Richard Hamilton Smith/Corbis 23 (TR) ©Stephen Dalton/NHPA Limited, (B) David Middleton/NHPA Limited ISBN: 0-328-13769-3 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
What are the parts Plant Parts of a plant? Plants have four parts. The parts are the roots, stem, leaves, Plants need water, air, and sun. and flowers. Plants need space. These parts help the plant get what it needs. Plants need nutrients. Nutrients are the food that living things need to grow. Plants get nutrients from soil and water. 2 3
Roots grow into the soil. Leaves use sunlight, air, and water to Roots hold a plant in place. make food for the plant. Roots take water and nutrients from the Many plants have flowers. soil to the stem. A flower makes seeds. The stem takes water and nutrients to Seeds make new plants. the leaves. The stem holds up the plant. Leaves Stem Roots Flower Seeds 4 5
How are seeds scattered? Fruits cover seeds. Fruits keep seeds safe. Plants grow from seeds. Fruits help scatter seeds. When seeds are spread out, they have Some fruits travel by air or water. room to grow. Some fruits get stuck on animals. Scatter means to spread out. Animals carry seeds to new places. The fruits of a maple tree The fruits of a Burrs are fruits. They look like wings. This shape water lily have hook onto animals. This helps them scatter. seeds. The fruits dog will help scatter the float on water. seeds in these burrs. 6 7
How are plants grouped? Trees are plants. Some trees have flowers. One group of plants has flowers. Peach trees grow flowers. The other group of plants does not The flowers make peaches. have flowers. Peaches are fruits. Plants with flowers grow in many places. Fruits cover peach seeds and keep They can grow in gardens, fields, or deserts. them safe. A cactus grows in the desert. It has flowers that make seeds. New cactus plants grow from the seeds. 8 9
Plants without Flowers Ferns do not have flowers. Some plants do not have flowers. Ferns do not make seeds. Some plants have cones. Ferns have leaves, roots, and stems. The seeds grow inside the cones. The cone opens and seeds fall out. The seeds grow into new trees. Pine trees have Ferns live in warm, cones with seeds. shady, wet places. 10 11
How are some woodland Maple trees are adapted to warm summers plants adapted? and cold winters. Maple trees have big, flat leaves. Living things have adapted, or changed, These leaves drop off in the fall. to live in many places. This helps the tree store water for the winter. An environment is a place with living and nonliving things. A woodland is a kind of environment. Pine trees are adapted to the cold. 12 13
Plants that Live Near Water Some plants in a woodland environment live near water. These plants are adapted to live where it is wet. This red plant is called a cardinal plant. Its roots are adapted to get nutrients from wet soil. The stinging nettle has sharp hairs to help keep it safe from animals that want to eat it. The fanwort is adapted Cardinal plant to live in water. 14 15
How are some prairie plants adapted? Many plants live in a prairie environment. A prairie has lots of grass and few trees. Many prairies have hot summers with little rain. Some prairie plants are adapted to hold water. Prairie smoke has fuzz that This helps when it does not rain. traps air. The air helps the plant hold water. Goldenrod plants have stiff stems and leaves. This helps the plants keep the water they need to live. Prairie grasses have small leaves that help hold water. 16 17
How are some desert plants adapted? Many deserts are sunny and hot all day. Deserts can be cool at night. Deserts get little rain. Some desert plants are adapted to hold water for a long time. The saguaro cactus has a long, thick stem. The stem holds water. Some leaves on a desert almond stay out of the sun. These leaves can hold water in the plant. The octopus tree has short leaves and long spines. The spines keep the plant safe from animals that want to eat it. 18 19
How are some marsh plants adapted? A marsh is a wet environment. Many plants grow in a marsh. The soil in a marsh may not have many nutrients. Plants in a marsh get nutrients A sundew plant has hairs in other ways. that trap insects. The plant gets some nutrients from the insects. Cattails grow in wet soil. They are adapted to get nutrients from water in the soil. A venus’s flytrap also gets some nutrients from insects. 20 21
Plants are adapted to their environments. Every plant needs food, water, air, and Plants live in many kinds of places. sunlight to grow! 22 23
GlossaryVocabulary What did you learn? adaptedadapted changed to be able to live in a 1. What are the four parts of a plant? environment certain environment 2. What are two groups of plants? flowerenvironment a kind of place with living and 3. In this book you read leaves nonliving things about ways plants are adapted to their environments. Write to explain two of these flowernutrients the part of a plant that makes ways. Use words from the book as you write. seeds or fruit prairie 4. Predict What would happen if you leavesroots flat, green parts growing from put a plant in a very dark room without any the stem of a plant windows? stem nutrients food that living things need to grow Photographs: Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scottprairie a place with flat land, a lot of Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd) Title Page: ©DK Images 3 Corbis 4 (Bkgd, BL) ©DK Images 6 (CC) ©DK Images, (B) ©Michael Boys/grass, and a few trees Corbis 7 (T) ©Ted Mead/PhotoLibrary, (CR) ©ChromaZone Images/Index Stock Imagery, (CR) ©DK Images, (B) ©Scott Camazine/Photo Researchers, Inc. 8 (CC) Ted Levin/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (R) Steve Kaufman/Corbis 10 (B) ©Bill Ross/Corbis, (TC) ©DK Images 11 (TR) Getty Images, (B) ©Ted Mead/PhotoLibrary 12 (B) ©M.P. Kahl/DRK Photo 13 (R) Royalty-Free/Corbis, (CR) ©DK Images 15 (Bkgd) ©Bob Wickham/PhotoLibrary, (BR, TR) ©DK Images 17 (Bkgd) Getty Images, (TR) ©Pat O’Hara/roots parts of a plant that grows into Corbis, (BR) ©David Muench/Corbis 19 (TR) Steve Kaufman/Corbis, (BR) Patti Murray/Animals Animals/ Earth Scenes, (Bkgd) Randall Hyman Photography 21 (BR) ©OSF/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (TR) Image Quest 3-D/NHPA Limited, (Bkgd) ©David Muench 22 (TR) ©DK Images, (CC) Corbis, (B) Richardthe ground Hamilton Smith/Corbis 23 (TR) ©Stephen Dalton/NHPA Limited, (B) David Middleton/NHPA Limited ISBN: 0-328-13769-3 stemCopyright © Pearson Education, Inc.the part of a plant that grows All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication isup from the ground protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 24
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