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Leadership Nour Al-Deen Al-Ayesh Trait & Behavioural Theories: Trait theory addresses leadership from the viewpoint that leadership is driven by the individual’s characteristics. Some of those characteristics might be genetic while others might be learned. Larders are born, not made. Leaders are born with traits that will help them become successful leader. (PICSID) 1. Physical attractiveness: Emphasizes factors like good and fit looking, commanding voice and style of presentation. 2. Intelligence (IQ) 3. Confidence: shows the trust by employees. 4. Social Skills (EI). 5. Integrity: – is the most important trait to be a successful leader. It is about the truth and keeping your word, as well as about not asking for things you wouldn’t do by yourself 6. Desire to lead. Many descriptions of leadership emphasize that effective leadership is about winning the minds and hearts of others. Winning minds is an intellectual task and requires the application of cognitive skills such as reasoning and logic. However, winning hearts is an emotional task and requires the exercise of social and emotional intelligence. EI: Self Awareness – Self Management – Awareness of others – Relationship with others – Pursuing the goals. Behaviour Theory: analyzing the current leadership behaviours: 1. McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y: Two main components are task and relation-oriented managers. 2. Black and Mouton Managerial Grid: They propose that there are five important positions on the grid to consider: Impoverished management - Country club management - Organisation (wo) man- Authority–obedience Team management. 3. Tannenbaum and Schmidt (Leadership Continuum): Leader should choose the style within this continuum to maximize influence on followers (depending upon the degree to which leader use their authority):  Tell: This is an authoritarian style. Leaders take decisions and control.  Sell: leaders take decisions and control but in softer and more persuasive way.  Consult: Leader

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