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L E S S O N 2 2 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E How Animals Move by Ann Takman Fountas-Pinnell Level J Informational Text Selection Summary Some baby animals, such as a giraffe or a whale calf, can move like their parents soon after they are born. Other animal babies, such as baby birds, lion cubs, and kangaroo joeys, need time and care before they are ready to move like their parents. Still other animal babies, Number of Words: 401 such as tadpoles and caterpillars, look different from their parents and move differently, too. Characteristics of the Text Genre • Informational Text Text Structure • Third-person exposition, with introduction and conclusion • Animal names as paragraph headings; related concepts grouped together • Paragraphs include sequence and compare/contrast structures Content • Baby animals and the ways they move • Maternal care of baby animals Themes and Ideas • Animals move in different ways, and so do animal babies. • Some animal babies can walk, crawl, or swim from the day they are born. • Some animal babies are like human babies and they need time to grow and learn. • Some animal babies change their shape and way of moving as they grow. Language and • Compare/contrast cues, such as others, like, yet, also, but, same Literary Features • Some informal language, such as gets a ride, looks a lot like Sentence Complexity • Simple, compound, and complex sentences, with phrases • Appositive: A baby whale, or calf, begins to swim... Vocabulary • Animal names: giraffe, whale, calf, lion, cub, kangaroo, joey, opossum, tadpole, butterfl y, caterpillar • Possibly challenging vocabulary: adult, careful, parent, danger, survive, skilled, helpless, pouch, appear, protect Words • Mainly one- and two-syllable words with varied spelling/sound and syllable patterns • Words with suffi xes: careful, helpless, hunters, safely Illustrations • Photos, some with labels, support and extend text. Book and Print Features • Photo above text on each of nine pages • Paragraph headings on seven pages; one paragraph on a page © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-30047-4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.
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How Animals Move by Ann Takman Build Background Have children read the title with you. Discuss the cover illustration. Anticipate the text with questions like these: How do adult kangaroos move? Now look at the baby in the kangaroo’s pouch. Does the baby move the same way? Why do you think that? Introduce the Text Guide children through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so that they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Tell children that this book gives information about how baby animals move. Suggested language: Turn to page 2. The author says: Some animals swim or run. Others hop, jump, leap, or fl y. What animals are in this photo? How do you think they move? What are some animals that leap? Page 3: Do you think the baby birds can fl y yet? Why do you think that? How is the mother bird helping the babies? Page 4: Why do you think the mother whale stays so close to her baby? If she is next to her baby, the baby will be safe. She wants her baby to survive. She keeps her baby away from danger. What do all baby animals need to survive? Pages 8–9: Prepare children for the concepts on these pages by drawing children’s attention to each heading. Which word names the baby animal? Which word names the adult? Now turn back to the beginning of the book and read to fi nd out how baby animals move and change. Learn More Words danger leap survive Grade 1 2 Lesson 22: How Animals Move © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Read As the children read, observe them carefully. Guide them as needed, using language that supports their problem solving ability. Respond to the Text Personal Response Invite children to share their personal responses to the book. Begin by asking what they liked best about the book, or what they found interesting. Suggested language: What is one thing you learned about baby animals that you didn’t know before? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, make sure children understand these teaching points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text • Some baby animals can move • The ways that animals move • The writer wanted to explain how like adults soon after they are help them find food, stay safe, different baby animals are alike born. and survive. in some ways. • Some baby animals learn to • A mother animal knows just • The writer uses words like hop, move like adults as they grow. what to do to take care of her jump, leap, fly, crawl, walk, and • Mother animals keep their babies babies. swim to help you picture the safe from danger. • Some baby animals look like animals in action. • Tadpoles swim but can’t leap like their parents, but others change • The photos help you understand frogs. Caterpillars crawl but can’t as they grow. how the mothers take care of the fly like butterflies. babies. © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Choices for Support Fluency Invite children to choose two pages that have headings and read those paragraphs aloud. Remind them to read not too fast and not too slowly, but at the best speed to make the meaning clear to listeners. Phonics and Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and sounds, using one of the following activities: • Suffixes –ful and –less Have children fi nd careful on page 4 and helpless on page 5. Point out each suffi x, –ful and –less, and have children say each base word. Encourage them to use each base word and suffi xed word in two sentences. (Examples: Please take care of this./Be careful. A baby is helpless./A baby needs help.) • Build Sentences Have children fi nd and list action verbs from How Animals Move (hop, jump, leap, fl y, crawl, walk, swim). Ask them to use more than one word in an interesting sentence about animal movement. Grade 1 3 Lesson 22: How Animals Move © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Writing About Reading Critical Thinking Read the directions for children on BLM 22.9 and guide them in answering the questions. Responding Read aloud the questions at the back of the book and help children complete the activities. Target Comprehension SkillTarget Comprehension Skill Conclusions Tell children that if they think about what is in the book, they can figure out more ideas. Model using details to draw a conclusion: Think Aloud This book shows a baby kangaroo riding in its mother’s pouch, baby opossums riding on their mother’s back, and a baby lion being carried in its mother’s mouth. Those three details help me figure out that mother animals have different ways of carrying their babies. Practice the Skill Ask children to find details in How Animals Move that support this conclusion: Some baby animals do not look at all like their parents. Writing Prompt Read aloud the following prompt. Have children write their response, using the writing prompt on page 6. Choose a photo from How Animals Move. What is important to understand about the photo? Use information in the book to write a two-sentence caption to tell about the photo. Grade 1 4 Lesson 22: How Animals Move © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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English Language Learners Reading Support Give English learners a “preview” of the text by holding a brief small-group discussion with them before reading the text with the entire group. Oral Language Development Check the children’s comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches their English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the child. Beginning/ Early Intermediate Intermediate Early Advanced/ Advanced Speaker 1: What does this photo Speaker 1: Why can’t these baby birds Speaker 1: How does a mother show? fly? bird help her babies survive? Speaker 2: a mother and baby giraffe Speaker 2: They need to grow bigger Speaker 2: She finds food and Speaker 1: Where does the baby before they are ready to fly. brings it to them in the nest. kangaroo stay? Speaker 1: How does the mother whale Speaker 1: How is a tadpole Speaker 2: in its mother’s pouch help her baby? different from a frog? Speaker 1: What will the caterpillar Speaker 2: She teaches it how to survive Speaker 2: A tadpole looks like a grow into? and keeps it safe. fish, has no legs, and swims in water. It grows into a frog with Speaker 2: a butterfly legs for jumping on land. Lesson 22 Name B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 2 2 . 9 Think About It How Animals MoveThink About It Write an answer to the question. Responses may vary. 1. Why can’t a baby animal move the same way an adult animal does? A baby animal is little. It needs to grow and learn to move like an adult animal does. Making Connections Think about how you moved as a baby and how you move now. Write some sentences that tell what you learned. Read directions to children. Think About It 11 Grade 1, Unit 5: Watch us Grow © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. Grade 1 5 1_246215RTXEAN_U5LR_TAI.indd 22.9 Lesson 22: How Animals Move2/9/09 8:58:55 AM © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Name Date How Animals Move Choose a photo from How Animals Move. What is important to understand about the photo? Use information in the book to write a two-sentence caption that tells about the photo. Grade 1 6 Lesson 22: How Animals Move © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Lesson 22 Name B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 2 2 . 9 Think About It How Animals MoveThink About It Write an answer to the question. 1. Why can’t a baby animal move the same way an adult animal does? Making Connections Think about how you moved as a baby and how you move now. Write some sentences that tell what you learned. Grade 1 7 Lesson 22: How Animals Move © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Lesson 22 Student Date B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 2 2 . 1 4 How Animals Move • LEVEL J How Animals Move Running Record Form page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 4 Whales A baby whale, or calf, begins to swim soon after it is born. It will follow its mother when she swims. A mother whale is a careful parent. Her baby is always learning from her. A mother whale keeps her baby safe from danger. She helps her baby to survive. Comments: Accuracy Rate Self-Correction (# words read Rate correctly/51 x 100) (# errors + # % Self-Corrections/ Self-Corrections) 1: Behavior Code Error Behavior Code Error Substitution cut 1 Read word correctly ✓ 0 cat cat cut sc 1413361 Self-corrects cat 0 Repeated word, ® 0 sentence, or phrase cat Insertion the 1 cat Omission —cat 1 Word told T 1 cat Grade 1 8 Lesson 22: How Animals Move © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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