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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 LMx24, LMx24x, LMx24xx, LM2902, LM2902x, LM2902xx, LM2902xxx Quadruple Operational Amplifiers 1 Features • Electronic point-of-sale systems 3 Description • Wide supply range: – 3 V to 36 V (B, BA versions) These devices consist of four independent, high-gain, – 3 V to 30 V (LMx24, LM2902V) frequency-compensated, operational amplifiers that • Low input offset voltage maximum at 25°C: are designed specifically to operate from a single – 2 mV (BA versions LM2902A, LM124A) supply or split supply over a wide range of voltages. – 3 mV (B versions LMx24xA) Device Information • Low input bias current maximum at 25°C: PART NUMBER(1) PACKAGE BODY SIZE (NOM) – 35 nA (B, BA versions) (2) (2) LM324B , LM324BA , • 2-kV ESD protection (HBM) (B, BA, K versions) LM2902B(2), LM2902BA(2), • Internal RF and EMI filter (B, BA versions) LM324, LM324A, LM324K, • Low quiescent current of 175-μA/ch typical LM324KA, LM2902, SOIC (14) 8.65 mm × 3.91 mm • Common-mode input voltage range includes V LM2902K, LM2902KV, CC– LM2902KAV, LM224, • Differential input voltage range equal to maximum- LM224A, LM224K, rated supply voltage LM224KA, LM124 • Open-loop differential voltage amplification: LM324B(2), LM324BA(2), 100-V/mV typical LM2902B(2), LM2902BA(2), • On products compliant to MIL-PRF-38535, all LM324, LM324A, LM324K, TSSOP (14) 5.00 mm × 4.40 mm parameters are tested unless otherwise noted. On LM324KA, LM2902, LM2902K, LM2902KV, all other products, production processing does not LM2902KAV, LM124 necessarily include testing of all parameters. LM324, LM324A, LM324K, 2 Applications LM324KA, LM2902, PDIP (14) 19.30 mm × 6.35 mm LM2902K, LM224, LM224A, • Merchant network and server power supply units LM224K, LM224KA • Multi-function printers LM324, LM324A, LM324K, • Power supplies and mobile chargers LM324KA, LM2902, SO (14) 9.20 mm × 5.30 mm LM2902K • Motor control: AC induction, brushed DC, brushless DC, high-voltage, low-voltage, LM324A, LM2902K SSOP (14) 6.20 mm × 5.30 mm permanent magnet, and stepper motor CDIP (14) 19.56 mm × 6.67 mm • Desktop PC and motherboard LM124A CFP (14) 9.21 mm × 5.97 mm • Indoor and outdoor air conditioners LCCC (20) 8.90 mm × 8.90 mm • Washers, dryers, and refrigerators • AC inverters, string inverters, central inverters, and (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at voltage frequency drives the end of the data sheet. (2) This product is preview only. • Uninterruptible power supplies Family Comparison LM2902K SPECIFICATION LM324B LM2902B LM324 LM324K LM2902 LM2902KV LM224 LM224K LM124 Units LM324BA LM2902BA LM324A LM324KA LM2902KAV LM224A LM224KA LM124A 3 to 26 Supply voltage 3 to 36 3 to 36 3 to 30 3 to 30 3 to 26 3 to 30 3 to 30 3 to 30 3 to 30 V 3 to 30 ± 3 ± 3 ± 7 ± 7 ± 7 ± 5 ± 5 ± 5 Offset voltage (max, 25°C) ± 7 ± 7 mV ± 2 ± 2 ± 3 ± 3 ± 2 ± 3 ± 3 ± 2 20 / 250 20 / 250 20 / 150 20 / 150 20 / 150 Input bias current (typ / max) 10 / 35 10 / 35 15 / 100 15 / 100 20 / 250 20 / 250 15 / 80 15 / 80 20 / 50 nA ESD (HBM) 2000 2000 500 2000 500 2000 500 2000 500 V Operating ambient −40 to 85 −40 to 125 0 to 70 0 to 70 −40 to 125 −40 to 125 −25 to 85 −25 to 85 −55 to 125 °C temperature An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com Table of Contents 1 Features............................................................................1 7 Parameter Measurement Information..........................14 2 Applications.....................................................................1 8 Detailed Description......................................................15 3 Description.......................................................................1 8.1 Overview...................................................................15 4 Revision History.............................................................. 2 8.2 Functional Block Diagram.........................................15 5 Pin Configuration and Functions...................................3 8.3 Feature Description...................................................16 6 Specifications.................................................................. 4 8.4 Device Functional Modes..........................................16 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings........................................ 4 9 Application and Implementation..................................17 6.2 ESD Ratings............................................................... 4 9.1 Application Information............................................. 17 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions.........................4 9.2 Typical Application.................................................... 17 6.4 Thermal Information....................................................5 10 Power Supply Recommendations..............................18 6.5 Electrical Characteristics - LM324B and LM324BA.... 6 11 Layout...........................................................................18 6.6 Electrical Characteristics - LM2902B and 11.1 Layout Guidelines................................................... 18 LM2902BA.....................................................................8 11.2 Layout Examples.....................................................19 6.7 Electrical Characteristics for LMx24 and LM324K.... 10 12 Device and Documentation Support..........................20 6.8 Electrical Characteristics for LM2902 and 12.1 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates..20 LM2902V..................................................................... 11 12.2 Support Resources................................................. 20 6.9 Electrical Characteristics for LMx24A and 12.3 Trademarks.............................................................20 LM324KA.....................................................................12 12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution..............................20 6.10 Operating Conditions.............................................. 12 12.5 Glossary..................................................................20 6.11 Typical Characteristics: All Devices Except B 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable and BA versions.......................................................... 13 Information.................................................................... 20 4 Revision History NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision W (March 2015) to Revision X (May 2022) Page • Updated Features to include the B and BA versions..........................................................................................1 • Added application links to Applications section.................................................................................................. 1 • Corrected available packages in the Device Information table...........................................................................1 • Added B and BA versions to Device Information table.......................................................................................1 • Updated package images in the Pin Configuration and Functions section to new format - no specification changes.............................................................................................................................................................. 3 • Renamed GND and Vcc to Vcc- and Vcc+, respectively, in the Pin Functions table .........................................3 • Added B and BA versions to Absolute Maximum Ratings table ........................................................................ 4 • Added the B and BA versions to the ESD Ratings table ................................................................................... 4 • Added B and BA versions to Recommended Operating Conditions table .........................................................4 • Added the Electrical Characteristics - LM324B and LM324BA table .................................................................6 • Added the Electrical Characteristics - LM2902B and LM2902BA table..............................................................8 • Removed Documentation Support and Related Links in the Device and Documentation Support section......20 Changes from Revision V (January 2014) to Revision W (March 2014) Page • Added Applications ............................................................................................................................................1 • Added Device Information table..........................................................................................................................1 • Added Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section.................................................................20 Changes from Revision U (August 2010) to Revision V (January 2014) Page • Updated document to new TI data sheet format - no specification changes......................................................1 • Updated Features ..............................................................................................................................................1 • Removed Ordering Information table..................................................................................................................3 • Added Pin Functions table .................................................................................................................................3 2 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 5 Pin Configuration and Functions ± ± 1IN 1OUTNC 4OUT4IN 1OUT 1 14 4OUT 1IN± 2 13 4IN± 3 2 1 20 19 1IN+ 3 12 4IN+ 1IN+ 4 18 4IN+ VCC+ 4 11 VCC± NC 5 17 NC 2IN+ 5 10 3IN+ VCC+ 6 16 VCC± 2IN± 6 9 3IN± NC 7 15 NC 2OUT 7 8 3OUT 2IN+ 8 14 3IN+ Not to scale 9 10 11 12 13 Figure 5-1. D, DB, J, N, NS, PW, and W Package 14-Pin SOIC, SSOP, CDIP, PDIP, SO, TSSOP, and CFP ± ± Not to scale NC (Top View) 2IN 2OUT 3OUT3IN Figure 5-2. FK Package 20-Pin LCCC (Top View) Table 5-1. Pin Functions PIN SOIC, TSSOP, I/O DESCRIPTION NAME LCCC PDIP, SSOP, SO, CDIP, and CFP 1IN– 3 2 I Negative input 1IN+ 4 3 I Positive input 1OUT 2 1 O Output 2IN– 9 6 I Negative input 2IN+ 8 5 I Positive input 2OUT 10 7 O Output 3IN– 13 9 I Negative input 3IN+ 14 10 I Positive input 3OUT 12 8 O Output 4IN– 19 13 I Negative input 4IN+ 18 12 I Positive input 4OUT 20 14 O Output VCC- 16 11 — Negative (lowest) supply or ground (for single-supply operation) 1, 5, 7, 11, 15, NC 17 — — Do not connect VCC+ 6 4 — Positive (highest) supply Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 3 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 6 Specifications 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1) LM324B, LM324BA, LM2902 LM324xx, LM224xx, LM2902B, LM2902BA LM2902xxx, LM124x UNIT MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX Supply voltage, V (2) 40 26 32 V CC Differential input voltage, V (3) ±40 ±26 ±32 V ID Input voltage, VI (either input) –0.3 40 –0.3 26 –0.3 32 V Duration of output short circuit (one amplifier) to ground Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited at (or below) T = 25°C, V ≤ 15 V(4) A CC Operating virtual junction temperature, TJ 150 150 150 °C Case temperature for 60 seconds FK package 260 °C Lead temperature 1.6 mm (1/16 J or W package 300 300 °C inch) from case for 60 seconds Storage temperature, Tstg –65 150 –65 150 –65 150 °C (1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. (2) All voltage values (except differential voltages and VCC specified for the measurement of IOS) are with respect to the network GND. (3) Differential voltages are at IN+, with respect to IN−. (4) Short circuits from outputs to VCC can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. 6.2 ESD Ratings VALUE UNIT LM324B, LM324BA, LM2902B, LM2902BA, LM224K, LM224KA, LM324K, LM324KA, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001(1) ±2000 V(ESD) Electrostatic discharge V Charged-device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101 ±1000 LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM324, LM324A, LM2902 Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001(1) ±500 V(ESD) Electrostatic discharge V Charged-device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101 ±1000 (1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) LM324B, LM324BA, LM324xx, LM224xx, LM2902B, LM2902BA LM2902 LM2902xxx, LM124x UNIT MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX VCC Supply voltage 3 36 3 26 3 30 V VCM Common-mode voltage 0 VCC – 2 0 VCC – 2 0 VCC – 2 V LM124x –55 125 LM2902xxx, -40 125 –40 125 T Operating free air LM2902Bx A °C temperature LM324Bx -40 85 LM224xx –25 85 LM324xx 0 70 4 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 6.4 Thermal Information LMx24, LM2902 LMx24 THERMAL METRIC(1) D DB N NS PW FK J W UNIT (SOIC) (SSOP) (PDIP) (SO) (TSSOP) (LCCC) (CDIP) (CFP) 14 PINS 14 PINS 14 PINS 14 PINS 14 PINS 20 PINS 14 PINS 14 PINS R (2) (3) Junction-to- θJA ambient thermal 86 86 80 76 113 — — — °C/W resistance R (4) Junction-to-case θJC (top) thermal — — — — — 5.61 15.05 14.65 °C/W resistance (1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application report. (2) Short circuits from outputs to VCC can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. (3) Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), RθJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/RθJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can affect reliability. (4) Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), RθJA, and TC. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable case temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TC)/RθJC. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can affect reliability. Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 5 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 6.5 Electrical Characteristics - LM324B and LM324BA For VS = (VCC+) – (VCC-) = 5 V to 36 V (±2.5 V to ±18 V), at TA = 25°C, VCM = VOUT = VS / 2, and RL = 10k connected to VS / 2 (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT OFFSET VOLTAGE ±0.3 ±3.0 LM324B TA = –40°C to 85°C ±4.0 VOS Input offset voltage mV ±0.3 ±2 LM324BA TA = –40°C to 85°C 2.5 dVOS/dT Input offset voltage drift RS = 0 Ω TA = –40°C to 85°C ±7 μV/°C Input offset voltage versus PSRR 65 100 dB power supply Channel separation f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz 120 dB INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE Common-mode voltage VS = 3 V to 36 V V– (V+) – 1.5 VCM range V VS = 5 V to 36 V TA = –40°C to 85°C V– (V+) – 2 Common-mode rejection (V–) ≤ VCM ≤ (V+) – 1.5 V VS = 3 V to 36 V 70 80 CMRR ratio dB (V–) ≤ VCM ≤ (V+) – 2 V VS = 5 V to 36 V TA = –40°C to 85°C 65 80 INPUT BIAS CURRENT -10 -35 IB Input bias current nA TA = –40°C to 85°C -50 dIOS/dT Input offset current drift TA = –40°C to 85°C 10 pA/°C ±0.5 ±4 IOS Input offset current nA TA = –40°C to 85°C ±5 dIOS/dT Input offset current drift TA = –40°C to 85°C 10 pA/°C NOISE EN Input voltage noise f = 0.1 to 10 Hz 3 μVPP eN Input voltage noise density RS = 100 Ω, VI = 0 V, f = 1 kHz (see Figure 8) 35 nV/√Hz INPUT CAPACITANCE ZID Differential 10 || 0.1 MΩ || pF ZICM Common-mode 4 || 1.5 GΩ || pF OPEN-LOOP GAIN V = 15 V, V = 1 V to 11 V, R ≥ 2 kΩ, connected to 50 100 A Open-loop voltage gain S O L V/mV OL (V-) TA = –40°C to 85°C 25 FREQUENCY RESPONSE GBW Gain-bandwidth product RL = 1 MΩ, CL = 20 pF (see Figure 7) 1.2 MHz SR Slew rate RL = 1 MΩ, CL = 30 pF, VI = ±10 V (see Figure 7) 0.5 V/μs Θm Phase margin G = + 1, RL = 10kΩ, CL = 20 pF 56 ° tS Settling time To 0.1%, VS = 5 V, 2-V Step , G = +1, CL = 100 pF 4 μs Overload recovery time VIN × gain > VS 10 μs Total harmonic distortion + THD+N G = + 1, f = 1 kHz, VO = 3.53 VRMS, VS = 36V, RL = 100k, IOUT ≤ 50μA, BW = 80 kHz 0.001% noise OUTPUT VO IOUT = -50 μA 1.35 1.5 V VO Positive Rail (V+) IOUT = -1 mA 1.4 1.6 V VO IOUT = -5 mA 1.5 1.75 V Voltage output swing from VO rail IOUT = 50 μA 100 150 mV VO Negative Rail (V-) IOUT = 1 mA 0.75 1 V VS = 5 V, RL ≤ 10 kΩ VO TA = –40°C to 85°C 5 20 mV connected to (V–) -20 -30 mA VS = 15 V; VO = V-; VID = 1 V Source TA = –40°C to 85°C -10 mA IO Output current V = 15 V; V = V+; V = -1 10 20 mA S O ID Sink V T = –40°C to 85°C 5 mA A VID = -1 V; VO = (V-) + 200 mV 50 85 μA ISC Short-circuit current VS = 20 V, (V+) = 10 V, (V-) = -10 V, VO = 0 V ±40 ±60 mA CLOAD Capacitive load drive 100 pF 6 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 6.5 Electrical Characteristics - LM324B and LM324BA (continued) For VS = (VCC+) – (VCC-) = 5 V to 36 V (±2.5 V to ±18 V), at TA = 25°C, VCM = VOUT = VS / 2, and RL = 10k connected to VS / 2 (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Open-loop output RO f = 1 MHz, IO = 0 A 300 Ω impedance POWER SUPPLY Quiescent current per VS = 5 V; IO = 0 A TA = –40°C to 85°C 175 300 μA IQ amplifier VS = 36 V; IO = 0 A TA = –40°C to 85°C 350 750 μA Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 7 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 6.6 Electrical Characteristics - LM2902B and LM2902BA For VS = (VCC+) – (VCC-) = 5 V to 36 V (±2.5 V to ±18 V), at TA = 25°C, VCM = VOUT = VS / 2, and RL = 10k connected to VS / 2 (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT OFFSET VOLTAGE ±0.3 ±3.0 LM2902B TA = –40°C to 125°C ±4.0 VOS Input offset voltage mV ±0.3 ±2 LM2902BA TA = –40°C to 125°C 2.5 dVOS/dT Input offset voltage drift RS = 0 Ω TA = –40°C to 125°C ±7 μV/°C Input offset voltage versus PSRR 65 100 dB power supply Channel separation f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz 120 dB INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE Common-mode voltage VS = 3 V to 36 V V– (V+) – 1.5 VCM range V VS = 5 V to 36 V TA = –40°C to 125°C V– (V+) – 2 Common-mode rejection (V–) ≤ VCM ≤ (V+) – 1.5 V VS = 3 V to 36 V 70 80 CMRR ratio dB (V–) ≤ VCM ≤ (V+) – 2 V VS = 5 V to 36 V TA = –40°C to 125°C 65 80 INPUT BIAS CURRENT -10 -35 IB Input bias current nA TA = –40°C to 125°C -50 dIOS/dT Input offset current drift TA = –40°C to 125°C 10 pA/°C ±0.5 ±4 IOS Input offset current nA TA = –40°C to 125°C ±5 dIOS/dT Input offset current drift TA = –40°C to 125°C 10 pA/°C NOISE EN Input voltage noise f = 0.1 to 10 Hz 3 μVPP eN Input voltage noise density RS = 100 Ω, VI = 0 V, f = 1 kHz (see Figure 8) 35 nV/√Hz INPUT CAPACITANCE ZID Differential 10 || 0.1 MΩ || pF ZICM Common-mode 4 || 1.5 GΩ || pF OPEN-LOOP GAIN V = 15 V, V = 1 V to 11 V, R ≥ 2 kΩ, connected to 50 100 A Open-loop voltage gain S O L V/mV OL (V-) TA = –40°C to 125°C 25 FREQUENCY RESPONSE GBW Gain-bandwidth product RL = 1 MΩ, CL = 20 pF (see Figure 7) 1.2 MHz SR Slew rate RL = 1 MΩ, CL = 30 pF, VI = ±10 V (see Figure 7) 0.5 V/μs Θm Phase margin G = + 1, RL = 10kΩ, CL = 20 pF 56 ° tS Settling time To 0.1%, VS = 5 V, 2-V Step , G = +1, CL = 100 pF 4 μs Overload recovery time VIN × gain > VS 10 μs Total harmonic distortion + THD+N G = + 1, f = 1 kHz, VO = 3.53 VRMS, VS = 36V, RL = 100k, IOUT ≤ 50μA, BW = 80 kHz 0.001% noise OUTPUT VO IOUT = -50 μA 1.35 1.5 V VO Positive Rail (V+) IOUT = -1 mA 1.4 1.6 V VO IOUT = -5 mA 1.5 1.75 V Voltage output swing from VO rail IOUT = 50 μA 100 150 mV VO Negative Rail (V-) IOUT = 1 mA 0.75 1 V VS = 5 V, RL ≤ 10 kΩ VO TA = –40°C to 125°C 5 20 mV connected to (V–) -20 -30 mA VS = 15 V; VO = V-; VID = 1 V Source TA = –40°C to 125°C -10 mA IO Output current V = 15 V; V = V+; V = -1 10 20 mA S O ID Sink V T = –40°C to 125°C 5 mA A VID = -1 V; VO = (V-) + 200 mV 50 85 μA ISC Short-circuit current VS = 20 V, (V+) = 10 V, (V-) = -10 V, VO = 0 V ±40 ±60 mA CLOAD Capacitive load drive 100 pF 8 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 6.6 Electrical Characteristics - LM2902B and LM2902BA (continued) For VS = (VCC+) – (VCC-) = 5 V to 36 V (±2.5 V to ±18 V), at TA = 25°C, VCM = VOUT = VS / 2, and RL = 10k connected to VS / 2 (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Open-loop output RO f = 1 MHz, IO = 0 A 300 Ω impedance POWER SUPPLY Quiescent current per VS = 5 V; IO = 0 A TA = –40°C to 125°C 175 300 μA IQ amplifier VS = 36 V; IO = 0 A TA = –40°C to 125°C 350 750 μA Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 9 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 6.7 Electrical Characteristics for LMx24 and LM324K at specified free-air temperature, VCC = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) LM124, LM224 LM324, LM324K PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS(1) T (2) UNIT A (3) (3) MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX V = 5 V to MAX, V = V min, 25°C 3 5 3 7 V Input offset voltage CC IC ICR mV IO V = 1.4 V O Full range 7 9 25°C 2 30 2 50 IIO Input offset current VO = 1.4 V nA Full range 100 150 25°C –20 –150 –20 –250 IIB Input bias current VO = 1.4 V nA Full range –300 –500 0 to 0 to 25°C VCC – 1.5 VCC – 1.5 VICR Common-mode input voltage range VCC = 5 V to MAX V 0 to 0 to Full range VCC – 2 VCC – 2 RL = 2 kΩ 25°C VCC – 1.5 VCC – 1.5 VOH High-level output voltage RL = 2 kΩ Full range 26 26 V VCC = MAX RL ≥ 10 kΩ Full range 27 28 27 28 VOL Low-level output voltage RL ≤ 10 kΩ Full range 5 20 5 20 mV Large-signal differential voltage V = 15 V, V = 1 V to 11 V, 25°C 50 100 25 100 A CC+ O V/mV VD amplification R ≥ 2 kΩ L Full range 25 15 CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio VIC = VICRmin 25°C 70 80 65 80 dB k Supply-voltage rejection ratio 25°C 65 100 65 100 dB SVR (ΔV /ΔVIO) CC VO1/ VO2 Crosstalk attenuation f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz 25°C 120 120 dB VCC = 15 V, 25°C –20 –30 –60 –20 –30 –60 VID = 1 V, Source V = 0 Full range –10 –10 O mA IO Output current VCC = 15 V, 25°C 10 20 10 20 VID = –1 V, Sink V = 15 V Full range 5 5 O VID = –1 V, VO = 200 mV 25°C 12 30 12 30 μA I Short-circuit output current VCC at 5 V, VO = 0, 25°C ±40 ±60 ±40 ±60 mA OS V at –5 V CC- VO = 2.5 V, no load Full range 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 ICC Supply current (four amplifiers) V = MAX, V = 0.5 V , mA CC O CC Full range 1.4 3 1.4 3 no load (1) All characteristics are measured under open-loop conditions, with zero common-mode input voltage, unless otherwise specified. MAX VCC for testing purposes is 26 V for LM2902 and 30 V for the others. (2) Full range is –55°C to +125°C for LM124, –25°C to +85°C for LM224, and 0°C to 70°C for LM324. (3) All typical values are at TA = 25°C. 10 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 6.8 Electrical Characteristics for LM2902 and LM2902V at specified free-air temperature, VCC = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) LM2902 LM2902V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS(1) T (2) UNIT A (3) (3) MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX Non-A-suffix 25°C 3 7 3 7 VCC = 5 V to MAX, devices Full range 10 10 VIO Input offset voltage VIC = VICRmin, mV V = 1.4 V A-suffix 25°C 1 2 O devices Full range 4 ΔVIO/ΔT Input offset voltage temperature drift RS = 0 Ω Ful range 7 μV/°C 25°C 2 50 2 50 IIO Input offset current VO = 1.4 V nA Full range 300 150 ΔIIO/ΔT Input offset voltage temperature drift Ful range 10 pA/°C 25°C –20 –250 –20 –250 IIB Input bias current VO = 1.4 V nA Full range –500 –500 0 to 0 to 25°C VCC – 1.5 VCC – 1.5 VICR Common-mode input voltage range VCC = 5 V to MAX V 0 to 0 to Full range VCC – 2 VCC – 2 RL = 10 kΩ 25°C VCC – 1.5 VCC – 1.5 VOH High-level output voltage RL = 2 kΩ Full range 22 26 V VCC = MAX RL ≥ 10 kΩ Full range 23 24 27 VOL Low-level output voltage RL ≤ 10 kΩ Full range 5 20 5 20 mV Large-signal differential voltage VCC = 15 V, 25°C 25 100 25 100 AVD VO = 1 V to 11 V, V/mV amplification R ≥ 2 kΩ Full range 15 15 L CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio VIC = VICRmin 25°C 50 80 60 80 dB k Supply-voltage rejection ratio 25°C 50 100 60 100 dB SVR (ΔV /ΔVIO) CC VO1/ VO2 Crosstalk attenuation f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz 25°C 120 120 dB VCC = 15 V, 25°C –20 –30 –60 –20 –30 –60 VID = 1 V, Source V = 0 Full range –10 –10 O mA IO Output current VCC = 15 V, 25°C 10 20 10 20 VID = –1 V, Sink V = 15 V Full range 5 5 O VID = –1 V, VO = 200 mV 25°C 30 12 40 μA IOS Short-circuit output current VCC at 5 V, VO = 0, VCC- at –5 V 25°C ±40 ±60 ±40 ±60 mA VO = 2.5 V, no load Full range 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 ICC Supply current (four amplifiers) V = MAX, V = 0.5 V , mA CC O CC Full range 1.4 3 1.4 3 no load (1) All characteristics are measured under open-loop conditions, with zero common-mode input voltage, unless otherwise specified. MAX VCC for testing purposes is 26 V for LM2902 and 32 V for LM2902V. (2) Full range is –40°C to +125°C for LM2902. (3) All typical values are at TA = 25°C. Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 11 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 6.9 Electrical Characteristics for LMx24A and LM324KA at specified free-air temperature, VCC = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) LM124A LM224A LM324A, LM324KA PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS(1) T (2) UNIT A (3) (3) (3) MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX VCC = 5 V to 30 V, 25°C 2 2 3 2 3 Input offset VIO VIC = VICRmin, mV voltage Full range 4 4 5 VO = 1.4 V Input offset 25°C 10 2 15 2 30 IIO current VO = 1.4 V nA Full range 30 30 75 Input bias 25°C –50 –15 –80 –15 –100 IIB current VO = 1.4 V nA Full range –100 –100 –200 0 to 0 to 0 to Common-mode 25°C VCC − 1.5 VCC – 1.5 VCC – 1.5 VICR input voltage VCC = 30 V V range 0 to 0 to 0 to Full range VCC − 2 VCC – 2 VCC – 2 RL = 2 kΩ 25°C VCC − 1.5 VCC – 1.5 VCC – 1.5 High-level output VOH RL= 2 kΩ Full range 26 26 26 V voltage V = 30 V CC RL≥ 10 kΩ Full range 27 27 28 27 28 V Low-level output R ≤ 10 kΩ Full range 20 5 20 5 20 mV OL voltage L Large-signal V = 15 V, 25°C 50 100 50 100 25 100 differential CC AVD voltage VO = 1 V to 11 V, V/mV R ≥ 2 kΩ Full range 25 25 15 amplification L CMRR Common-mode V = V min 25°C 70 70 80 65 80 dB rejection ratio IC ICR Supply-voltage kSVR rejection ratio 25°C 65 65 100 65 100 dB (ΔVCC /ΔVIO) V / V Crosstalk f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz 25°C 120 120 120 dB O1 O2 attenuation VCC = 15 V, 25°C –20 –20 –30 –60 –20 –30 –60 VID = 1 V, Source V = 0 Full range –10 –10 –10 O mA IO Output current VCC = 15 V, 25°C 10 10 20 1 20 VID = –1 V, Sink V = 15 V Full range 5 5 5 O VID = −1 V, VO = 200 mV 25°C 12 12 30 12 30 μA I Short-circuit VCC at 5 V, VCC- at –5 V, 25°C ±40 ±60 ±40 ±60 ±40 ±60 mA OS output current V = 0 O VO = 2.5 V, no load Full range 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 Supply current ICC (four amplifiers) V = 30 V, V = 15 V, mA CC O Full range 1.4 3. 1.4 3 1.4 3 no load (1) All characteristics are measured under open-loop conditions, with zero common-mode input voltage, unless otherwise specified. (2) Full range is –55°C to +125°C for LM124A, –25°C to +85°C for LM224A, and 0°C to 70°C for LM324A. (3) All typical values are at TA = 25°C. 6.10 Operating Conditions VCC = ±15 V, TA = 25°C PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TYP UNIT SR Slew rate at unity gain RL = 1 MΩ, CL = 30 pF, VI = ±10 V (see Figure 7-1) 0.5 V/μs B1 Unity-gain bandwidth RL = 1 MΩ, CL = 20 pF (see Figure 7-1) 1.2 MHz Vn Equivalent input noise voltage RS = 100 Ω, VI = 0 V, f = 1 kHz (see Figure 7-2) 35 nV/√Hz 12 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 6.11 Typical Characteristics: All Devices Except B and BA versions 10 8 VCC = 15 V 5 3 7 2 6 1 0.5 5 0.3 0.2 4 Output Voltage (V)0.1 0.05 3 0.03 VCC = 15 V 0.02 VCC = 5 V 2 VCC = 30 V Output Voltage Referenced to +Vcc (V) 0.01 0.001 0.01 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 3 5 710 20 50 100 1 Output Sink Current (mA) 0.001 0.01 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 3 5 710 20 50 100 D001 Output Source Current (mA) Figure 6-1. Output Sinking Characteristics D002 Figure 6-2. Output Sourcing Characteristics 0.09 3.25 0.08 3 2.75 0.07 2.5 0.06 2.25 0.05 2 1.75 Iout (A)0.04 1.5 0.03 Output Voltage (V)1.25 1 0.02 Input 0.75 Output 0.01 0.5 0 0.25 -55 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Temperature (qC) Time (PS) D003 D004 Figure 6-3. Source Current Limiting Figure 6-4. Voltage Follower Large Signal Response (50 pF) 90 20 80 17.5 70 15 60 12.5 50 10 40 7.5 30 Output Swing (Vpp) 5 20 2.5 Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (dB)10 0 0 1000 2000 5000 10000 100000 1000000 100 200 5001000 10000 100000 1000000 Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) D007 D006 Figure 6-5. Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Figure 6-6. Maximum Output Swing vs. Frequency (VCC = 15 V) Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 13 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 7 Parameter Measurement Information 900 Ω VCC+ VCC+ − 100 Ω VO V = 0 V − VI + I V RS + O V CL R CC− L VCC− Figure 7-2. Noise-Test Circuit Figure 7-1. Unity-Gain Amplifier 14 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 8 Detailed Description 8.1 Overview These devices consist of four independent high-gain frequency-compensated operational amplifiers that are designed specifically to operate from a single supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split supplies also is possible if the difference between the two supplies is 3 V to 36 V (B and BA versions), 3 V to 26 V (for LM2902 devices) or 3 V to 30V (for all other devices), and VCC is at least 1.5 V more positive than the input common-mode voltage. The low supply-current drain is independent of the magnitude of the supply voltage. Applications include transducer amplifiers, DC amplification blocks, and all the conventional operational-amplifier circuits that now can be more easily implemented in single-supply-voltage systems. For example, the LM124 device can be operated directly from the standard 5-V supply that is used in digital systems and provides the required interface electronics, without requiring additional ±15-V supplies. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram ESD protection cells - available on B, BA, and K versions only Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 15 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 8.3 Feature Description 8.3.1 Unity-Gain Bandwidth Gain bandwidth product is found by multiplying the measured bandwidth of an amplifier by the gain at which that bandwidth was measured. These devices have a high gain bandwidth of 1.2 MHz. 8.3.2 Slew Rate The slew rate is the rate at which an operational amplifier can change its output when there is a change on the input. These devices have a 0.5-V/μs slew rate. 8.3.3 Input Common Mode Range The valid common mode range is from device ground to VCC – 1.5 V (VCC – 2 V across temperature). Inputs may exceed VCC up to the maximum VCC without device damage. At least one input must be in the valid input common mode range for output to be correct phase. If both inputs exceed valid range then output phase is undefined. If either input is less than –0.3 V then input current should be limited to 1 mA and output phase is undefined. 8.4 Device Functional Modes These devices are powered on when the supply is connected. This device can be operated as a single supply operational amplifier or dual supply amplifier depending on the application. 16 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 9 Application and Implementation Note Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes, as well as validating and testing their design implementation to confirm system functionality. 9.1 Application Information The LMx24 and LM2902 operational amplifiers are useful in a wide range of signal conditioning applications. Inputs can be powered before VCC for flexibility in multiple supply circuits. 9.2 Typical Application A typical application for an operational amplifier in an inverting amplifier. This amplifier takes a positive voltage on the input, and makes it a negative voltage of the same magnitude. In the same manner, it also makes negative voltages positive. RF RI Vsup+ VOUT + VIN Vsup- Figure 9-1. Application Schematic 9.2.1 Design Requirements The supply voltage must be chosen such that it is larger than the input voltage range and output range. For instance, this application will scale a signal of ±0.5 V to ±1.8 V. Setting the supply at ±12 V is sufficient to accommodate this application. 9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure Determine the gain required by the inverting amplifier using Equation 1 and Equation 2: VOUT A V (1) VIN 1.8 A V 3.6 (2) 0.5 Once the desired gain is determined, choose a value for RI or RF. Choosing a value in the kilohm range is desirable because the amplifier circuit will use currents in the milliamp range. This ensures the part will not draw too much current. This example will choose 10 kΩ for RI which means 36 kΩ will be used for RF. This was determined by Equation 3. RF A V (3) RI Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 17 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 9.2.3 Application Curve 2 VIN 1.5 VOUT 1 0.5 0 Volts -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Time (ms) Figure 9-2. Input and Output Voltages of the Inverting Amplifier 10 Power Supply Recommendations CAUTION Supply voltages larger than 32 V for a single supply, or outside the range of ±16 V for a dual supply can permanently damage the device (see the Section 6.1). Place 0.1-μF bypass capacitors close to the power-supply pins to reduce errors coupling in from noisy or high impedance power supplies. For more detailed information on bypass capacitor placement, refer to the Section 11. 11 Layout 11.1 Layout Guidelines For best operational performance of the device, use good PCB layout practices, including: • Noise can propagate into analog circuitry through the power pins of the circuit as a whole, as well as the operational amplifier. Bypass capacitors are used to reduce the coupled noise by providing low impedance power sources local to the analog circuitry. – Connect low-ESR, 0.1-μF ceramic bypass capacitors between each supply pin and ground, placed as close to the device as possible. A single bypass capacitor from V+ to ground is applicable for single supply applications. • Separate grounding for analog and digital portions of circuitry is one of the simplest and most-effective methods of noise suppression. One or more layers on multilayer PCBs are usually devoted to ground planes. A ground plane helps distribute heat and reduces EMI noise pickup. Make sure to physically separate digital and analog grounds, paying attention to the flow of the ground current. • To reduce parasitic coupling, run the input traces as far away from the supply or output traces as possible. If it is not possible to keep them separate, it is much better to cross the sensitive trace perpendicular as opposed to in parallel with the noisy trace. • Place the external components as close to the device as possible. Keeping RF and RG close to the inverting input minimizes parasitic capacitance, as shown in Section 11.2. • Keep the length of input traces as short as possible. Always remember that the input traces are the most sensitive part of the circuit. • Consider a driven, low-impedance guard ring around the critical traces. A guard ring can significantly reduce leakage currents from nearby traces that are at different potentials. 18 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV www.ti.com SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 11.2 Layout Examples Place components close to device and to each other to reduce parasitic errors Run the input traces as far away from the supply lines RF as possible NC NC VS+ Use low-ESR, ceramic RG bypass capacitor GND IN1Ì VCC+ VIN IN1+ OUT RIN VCCÌ NC GND Only needed for dual-supply operation GND VS- (or GND for single supply) VOUT Ground (GND) plane on another layer Figure 11-1. Operational Amplifier Board Layout for Noninverting Configuration RIN VIN + VOUT RG RF Figure 11-2. Operational Amplifier Schematic for Noninverting Configuration Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 19 Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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LM124, LM124A, LM224, LM224A, LM224K, LM224KA LM324, LM324A, LM324B, LM324K, LM324KA LM2902, LM2902B, LM2902K, LM2902KV, LM2902KAV SLOS066X – SEPTEMBER 1975 – REVISED MAY 2022 www.ti.com 12 Device and Documentation Support 12.1 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates To receive notification of documentation updates, navigate to the device product folder on ti.com. Click on Subscribe to updates to register and receive a weekly digest of any product information that has changed. For change details, review the revision history included in any revised document. 12.2 Support Resources TI E2E™ support forums are an engineer's go-to source for fast, verified answers and design help — straight from the experts. Search existing answers or ask your own question to get the quick design help you need. Linked content is provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use. 12.3 Trademarks TI E2E™ is a trademark of Texas Instruments. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. 12.5 Glossary TI Glossary This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information The following pages include mechanical packaging and orderable information. This information is the most current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of this document. For browser based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left hand navigation. 20 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM124 LM124A LM224 LM224A LM224K LM224KA LM324 LM324A LM324B LM324K LM324KA LM2902 LM2902B LM2902K LM2902KV LM2902KAV
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