Module Five JOB DESIGN Dr.Ahmed Radwan Job Design Job Design: the specification of task activities .associated with a particular job .i.e. it is the linking of specific task behaviours to jobs Dr.Ahmed Radwan Scientific Management Job Design is breaking down work into elements which are analyzed by number and the time necessary to complete them and recombines the core elements to create the most efficient job design. This approach to the work design tried to ensure the maximum productivity of labour so that the corporation could achieve maximum economic efficiency. Scientific management has led to the development of the modern day production methods. Dr.Ahmed Radwan Implications of Scientific Management The effects of scientific mgt. on employees are: Limited social interaction Low skill requirementst specialised to keep training costs low. Job activity repetition Task specialization Low employee creativity and ingenuity . Dr.Ahmed Radwan Scientific Management Decline Scientific management is no longer viewed as a universally applicable method for rationalising all production systems, but still has its advocates and benefits. Job satisfaction declined under the restrictive work systems created by the application of scientific management, managers observed declines in job involvement, company loyalty, product and service quality and productivity. Its implementation has created work adjustment problems for employees, higher turnover, absenteeism and lowered production quality. Dr.Ahmed Radwan QUALITY OF WORK LIFE “QWL” It refers to the extent to which employees are able to satisfy personal needs through their work . QWL programs also focus on improving the performance of employees. QWL programs integrate employee needs with organizational goals. Dr.Ahmed Radwan QUALITY OF WORK LIFE “QWL” Recently, QWL effects become mainly judged in :terms of organizational payoff such as Improving a competitive edge like product innovation Lowered