Earth Materials Lessons 1– 3 Copyright © by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to School Permissions and Copyrights, Harcourt, Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887-6777. Fax: 407-345-2418. HARCOURT and the Harcourt Logo are trademarks of Harcourt, Inc., registered in the United States of America and/or other jurisdictions. Printed in the United States of America ISBN-13: 978-0-15-349156-6 ISBN-10: 0-15-349156-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 179 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Harcourt School Publishers retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited and is illegal. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Ear th Materials Lessons 1–3 Rocks and Minerals . . . . . . .2 Comparing Minerals . . . . . .4 Wind and Rain Cause Weathering . . . . . .6 Water Causes Weathering .7 Plants Cause Weathering . .8 Things in the Air Cause Weathering . . . . . .9 Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Kinds of Soil . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Soil for Growing Things . .14 Rocks and Minerals Mountains are made of rock. Rock is a hard, solid material. Some rocks are very big. Some are tiny. 2 rocks mineral Rock is made up of minerals. Some rocks have only one mineral. Most rocks have two or more minerals. 3 Comparing Minerals Minerals have different properties. Minerals are different colors. Some minerals are shiny. Some are not. Minerals have different textures. Some are rough. Some are smooth. Mineral C