ĐỀ THI THỬ ĐÁNH GIÁ NĂNG LỰC CHUYÊN BIỆT TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH MÔN TIẾNG ANH I. Reading Passage 1 The Future of Urban Mobility As cities continue to grow, transportation systems face unprecedented pressure. Rapid urbanization has led to congestion, air pollution, and public frustration with inefficient infrastructure. Many experts claim that the future of mobility will depend on integrating technology with sustainable planning. Autonomous vehicles, shared mobility services, and data-driven traffic management have the potential to reshape urban life. However, technology alone cannot solve deep-rooted structural and social challenges. Successful examples often come from cities that invest not only in innovation but also in inclusivity. Copenhagen, for instance, redesigned its streets to prioritize pedestrians and cyclists. This decision reduced carbon emissions while fostering a stronger sense of community. Similarly, Singapore’s intelligent transport system adjusts traffic signals dynamically, balancing efficiency and safety. These examples show that urban mobility is as much about human behavior and governance as it is about machines and algorithms. Nevertheless, cultural habits are difficult to change. In many places, private cars symbolize freedom and social status. Convincing people to adopt greener alternatives requires more than policy; it demands education, incentives, and accessible infrastructure. Economists argue that mobility must be treated as a social right rather than a commercial product. If public transport remains unreliable or unsafe, individuals will naturally turn to private vehicles. The cities of the future will need to strike a balance between innovation and equity. Technology can make transport faster, cleaner, and smarter. Yet it will succeed only if it serves everyone equally, not just the privileged few. The success of tomorrow’s mobility will be determined by how well we align progress with fairness and environmental

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