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L E S S O N 1 1 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E The Amazing Octopus by Cindy Baker Fountas-Pinnell Level L Informational Text Selection Summary The octopus uses its eight arms to crawl along the ocean floor. It can also speed through the water by pushing water out of its body. Suction cups on its arms help the octopus grip food. Octopuses have the amazing abilities to change colors, squeeze their soft bodies into tiny places, and squirt ink at enemies. Number of Words: 346 Characteristics of the Text Genre • Informational Text Text Structure • Organized by topic, such as movement, food, size, colors • Paragraphs with main idea and supporting details • Third-person exposition, with occasional direct address to reader Content • Characteristics of octopuses Themes and Ideas • The octopus has unusual and fascinating characteristics that make it unique. • Like all living things, an octopus has ways to fi nd food and stay safe. Language and • Introductory question and answer Literary Features • Enthusiasm conveyed with examples and punctuation: They are smart enough to open jars! • Vivid comparison: A really tiny baby is no bigger than a freckle. Sentence Complexity • Simple, compound, and complex sentences, with phrases • Sentences of 14 words or fewer Vocabulary • Marine animals: octopus, crabs, sharks, lobsters, clams • Possibly challenging vocabulary: amazing, ocean fl oor, suction cups, grip, beak, enemy, attacks, squirt • Measurement terms: miles an hour, six feet long Words • One- and two-syllable words with varied spelling/sound and syllable patterns • Three- and four-syllable words: amazing, octopuses, animals, enemy • Words with suffi xes: really, quickly, scary Illustrations • Photos and drawing support text; some with labels Book and Print Features • Photo above text on each of eight pages; drawing on one page • Section headings on six pages; one to two paragraphs on a page © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-30002-3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.
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The Amazing Octopus by Cindy Baker Build Background Have children read the title with you. Discuss the word Amazing in the title, asking children what people say or look like when they learn something amazing. Point out details in the cover photograph, such as the eye and arms of the octopus. Anticipate the text with questions like these: Where does an octopus live? How is it different from other animals? Introduce the Text Guide children through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so that they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Tell children that this book gives information about octopuses. Suggested language: Turn to page 2. An octopus has eight arms. How many can you see in this picture? It uses its arms to crawl on the ocean fl oor. How does it crawl without legs? Look at the white circles on the octopus’s arms. These are suction cups. How would suction cups help the octopus hold onto things? Pages 4–5: Point out the heading, “What an Octopus Eats,” and explain that a heading helps get readers ready for the information that follows. What will you learn about on pages 4 and 5? Page 6: Turn to page 6. Look at this tiny octopus. Octopuses come on different sizes. The second sentence reads: One of the biggest octopuses has arms that are six feet long. If your arms were six feet long, how far could you reach? Now turn back to the beginning of the book and read to fi nd out what makes octopuses so amazing. Learn More Words crawl suction Grade 1 2 Lesson 11: The Amazing Octopus © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Read Have children read The Amazing Octopus silently while you listen to individual children read. Support their problem solving and fluency as needed. Respond to the Text Personal Response Invite children to share their personal responses to the book. Begin by asking what they liked best about the book, or what they found interesting. Suggested language: Do you agree with the author that octopuses are amazing? Why or why not? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, make sure children understand these teaching points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text • Octopuses have eight arms with • Octopuses are amazing because • The writer wants to show her suction cups that help them of their unusual bodies and excitement about octopuses, so move and grip. An arm that is abilities. she uses words like amazing and lost can grow back. • An animal that seems scary may tells surprising facts. • An octopus can break shells, turn out to be interesting when • The photo of the octopus on a squeeze into small spaces, you learn facts about it. finger helps you understand how change colors, and squirt ink at • An octopus would be exciting to tiny it is. enemies. see in real life. © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Choices for Support Fluency Invite children to choose two pages from the text to read aloud. Suggest that they practice reading softly to themselves until they can read smoothly and can use their voices to express how interesting the information is. Phonics and Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and sounds, using one of the following activities: • Endings –er and –est Have children fi nd the words bigger and biggest on page 6 of The Amazing Octopus. Have them name the base word (big). Point out the doubled fi nal consonant. List these words from the book, and have children add –er and –est to each: fast, small, dark, mad, smart. Ask them to use each set of three words in oral sentences. • Build Sentences Help children make a list of about ten words about octopuses from The Amazing Octopus. Individuals or partners then try to use at least two words at a time to write sentences about octopuses. Grade 1 3 Lesson 11: The Amazing Octopus © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Writing About Reading Critical Thinking Read the directions for children on BLM 11.8 and guide them in answering the questions. Responding Read aloud the questions at the back of the book and help children complete the activities. Target Comprehension SkillTarget Comprehension Skill Author’s Purpose Tell children that they can think about why an author writes a book. Model thinking about the author’s purpose: Think Aloud I think the author wrote this book to give information about octopuses and share her idea that they are amazing animals. Three details she includes are the octopus’s speed in the water, its ability to squeeze into tiny spaces, and its ability to squirt ink at its enemies. These details help me understand why the author wrote the book. Practice the Skill Have children tell why the author included the section “What an Octopus Eats” on pages 4 and 5. Writing Prompt Read aloud the following prompt. Have children write their response, using the writing prompt on page 6. Which part of an octopus’s body do you think is the most amazing? Tell why it amazes you. Grade 1 4 Lesson 11: The Amazing Octopus © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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English Language Learners Reading Support Pair English-speaking and English language learners so that they can check their understanding with each other. Oral Language Development Check the children’s comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches their English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the child. Beginning/ Early Intermediate Intermediate Early Advanced/ Advanced Speaker 1: How many arms does an Speaker 1: What does an octopus use to Speaker 1: What are some facts octopus have? grip things? about an octopus’s arms? Speaker 2: eight Speaker 2: It uses the suction cups on Speaker 2: An octopus has eight Speaker 1: Is an octopus’s body soft its arms. arms. They have suction cups or hard? Speaker 1: What are some foods that on them that the octopus uses octopuses eat? for holding onto things. If an Speaker 2: soft octopus loses an arm, it can Speaker 1: What does the octopus use Speaker 2: They eat crabs, fish, sharks, grow a new one. to break open shells? lobsters, and clams. Speaker 2: its beak Speaker 1: How does an octopus get away from an enemy? Speaker 2: It squirts ink in the enemy’s eyes. Lesson 11 Name B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 1 1 . 8 Think About It The Amazing OctopusThink About It Write the word that completes each sentence. ink 1. An octopus can use to get away from an enemy. arms ink colors smart 2. An octopus is a animal. smart slow dangerous Making Connections Think of all the things an octopus can do. Draw an octopus doing something you think is amazing. Label your picture. Read directions to children. Think About It 10 Grade 1, Unit 3: Nature Near and Far © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. Grade 1 5 1_246215RTXEAN_U3LR_TAI.indd 11.8 Lesson 11: The Amazing Octopus2/6/09 2:04:18 PM © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Name Date The Amazing Octopus Which part of an octopus’s body do you think is the most amazing? Tell why it amazes you. Grade 1 6 Lesson 11: The Amazing Octopus © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Lesson 11 Name B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 1 1 . 8 Think About It The Amazing OctopusThink About It Write the word that completes each sentence. 1. An octopus can use to get away from an enemy. arms ink colors 2. An octopus is a animal. smart slow dangerous Making Connections Think of all the things an octopus can do. Draw an octopus doing something you think is amazing. Label your picture. Grade 1 7 Lesson 11: The Amazing Octopus © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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Lesson 11 Student Date B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 1 1 . 1 3 The Amazing Octopus • LEVEL L The Amazing Octopus Running Record Form page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 3 How an Octopus Moves Sometimes the octopus needs to move fast. The octopus fills its body with water. Then it pushes the water out. The octopus speeds through the water. It can go as fast as 25 miles an hour! 4 What an Octopus Eats Octopuses eat many animals. They eat crabs and fish. Large octopuses can eat sharks! Octopuses use their arms to look for food. Comments: Accuracy Rate Total Self- (# words read Corrections correctly/66 × 100) % Behavior Code Error Behavior Code Error Substitution cut 1 Read word correctly ✓ 0 cat cat cut sc 1413311 Self-corrects cat 0 Repeated word, ® 0 sentence, or phrase cat Insertion the 1 cat Omission —cat 1 Word told T 1 cat Grade 1 8 Lesson 11: The Amazing Octopus © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
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