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Test Section One: Listening Comprehension 6. (A) She didn't teach class today. (B) She noticed that the students didn't do their 1. (A) Spend more time working on calculus homework. problems. (C) She usually assigns homework. (B) Talk to an advisor about dropping the (D) She usually talks quietly. course. (C) Work on the assignment with a classmate. 7. (A) It started to rain when she was at the beach. (D) Ask the graduate assistant for help. (B) She'd like the man to go to the beach with her. 2. (A) Go home to get a book. (C) The forecast calls for more rain tomorrow. (B) Return a book to the library. (D) She won't go to the beach tomorrow if it (C) Pick up a book at the library for the woman. rains. (D) Ask the librarian for help in finding a book. 8. (A) She disagrees with the man. 3. (A) The woman could use his metric ruler. (B) She doesn't enjoy long speeches. (B) He'll finish taking the measurements for the (C) She hadn't known how long the speech woman. would be. (C) The woman's ruler is better than his. (D) She doesn't have a strong opinion about the (D) He's faster at making the conversions than speaker the woman. 9. (A) He makes more money than the woman. 4. (A) She wants the man to attend the tournament with her. (B) He's satisfied with his job. (B) The tournament begins next week. (C) He had trouble finding a job. (C) The man should check with his doctor again (D) He doesn't like working outdoors. (D) She hopes the man will be able to play in the tournament. 10. (A) He has already finished his report. (B) He hasn't chosen a topic for his report. 5. (A) The advisor has already approved the man's class (C) The woman's report is already long schedule. enough. (B) The man should make an appointment to (D) The woman will have time to finish her see his advisor. report (C) The man should change his course schedule. (D) The man should sign the document before 11. (A) She'll speak to Larry about the problem. leaving. (B) Larry has apologized to his roommate. (C) Larry should find a new roommate. FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Test (D) Larry's roommate may be partly hockey game. responsible for the problem. (B) He missed the hockey game because he was ill. 12. (A) The man should take his vacation (C) He forgot about the hockey game. somewhere else. (D) He doesn't like to go to hockey games. (B) She doesn't know when her semester ends. (C) She hasn't called the travel agent yet 18. (A) Karen can drive to the airport on Tuesday. (D) The man may have to reschedule his trip. (B) Karen can attend the meeting on Tuesday. (C) Karen had to change her plans at the last 13. (A) She didn't work hard enough on it minute. (B) It wasn't as good as she thought (D) Karen is returning from a trip on Tuesday. (C) Her professor was pleased with it. (D) It was written according to the professor's 19. (A) Call her after five. guidelines. (B) Make calls from her phone. (C) Go to the meeting with her. 14. (A) Go to the ballet later in the year. (D) Fix her phone. (B) Take ballet lessons with his sister. (C) Get a schedule of future performances. 20. (A) Look for more information for their (D) Get a ticket from his sister. financial plan. (B) Ask for more time to finish their financial 15. (A) Her hotel is located far from the conference center plan. (B) She didn't want to stay at the Gordon. (C) Finish their financial plan with the (C) The man should consider moving to a material available to them. different hotel. (D) Turn in their financial plan late. (D) She isn't sure how to get to the conference center. 21. (A) He doesn't want to drive anymore. (B) The road to Bridgeport just opened. 16. (A) Few readers agreed with his ideas. (C) It doesn't take long to get to Bridgeport. (B) Very few people have read his article. (D) He has memorized every part of the drive. (C) He doesn't expect the article to be published. 22. (A) She doesn't have time to work in a garden. (D) The woman doesn't fully understand the (B) She'll consider the man's invitation. article, (C) She doesn't want to join a gardening club. (D) She was never formally invited to join a 17. (A) He'll go with the woman to the next gardening club. FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Test her loan application was accepted. 23. (A) She's enjoying the music. (D) The woman should ask for an extension (B) The music will keep her awake. on the application deadline. (C) The music doesn't bother her . (D) She would prefer a different style of music. 29. (A) The casserole usually contains fewer vegetables. 24. (A) His house can accommodate a meeting of the entire (B) She wishes she hadn't ordered the committee. casserole (B) The woman should find out when the (C) The cafeteria usually uses canned meeting starts. vegetables. (C) The meeting should be held at the library. (D) She doesn't usually eat in the cafeteria, (D) A smaller committee should be formed. 30. (A) Stay in the dormitory. 25. (A) She doesn't have time to collect the data. (B) Find out the cost of living in the dormitory. (B) She prefers to wait until after the election. (C) Ask for a reduction in her rent. (C) She needs to decide on a method soon. (D) Move into an apartment with a roommate. (D) She'll send out the questionnaire in a month. 31. (A) They're classmates. (B) They're roommates. 26. (A) He's angry with the woman, (C) They're cousins. (B) He feels sick. (D) They're lab partners. (C) He doesn't get along well with some people. 32. (A) He couldn't decide on a topic for his paper. (D) He prefers to study alone. (B) He thought his paper was late. (C) He hadn't heard from his family in a while. 27. (A) It provides reading material for people (D) He thought the woman had been ill. waiting to get in. (B) He had to wait a long time for a seat there. 33. (A) To find their way back to the nest. (C) He wasn't able to find a seat there. (B) To locate plant fibers. (D) The seats used there are uncomfortable. (C) To identify kinds of honey. (D) To identify relatives. 28. (A) Students still have time to apply for a loan. (B) Students must wait until next month to 34. (A) Visit his parents. submit loan applications. (B) Write a paper. (C) The woman should find out whether (C) Observe how bees build nests FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Test (D) Plan a family reunion. 40. (A) It was performed by the Zulu people of South Africa. 35. (A) An alternative use of fuel oil. (B) It developed outside the musical (B) A way to make fuel oil less polluting. traditions of Europe. (C) A new method for locating underground (C) It's familiar to most audiences in the oil. United States. (D) A new source of fuel oil (D) The students heard it performed in New York City. 36. (A) She was doing research for a paper on it, (B) She read a newspaper article about it. 41. (A) The director is of African ancestry. (C) She was told about it by her roommate. (B) The director wanted the songs in the (D) She heard about it in class. Broadway version to be identical to the songs in the film. 37. (A) To produce a gas containing carbon and (C) The Broadway version was first performed hydrogen. in Africa. (B) To remove impurities from methanol. (D) The story takes place in Africa. (C) To heat the reactors (D) To prevent dangerous gases from forming 42. (A) A type of music that originated in Indonesia. 38. (A) It hasn't been fully tested. (B) The meaning of non-English words used in (B) It's quite expensive. a song (C) It uses up scarce minerals. (C) The plot of The Lion King (D) The gas it produces is harmful to the (D) Popular rock and jazz music performed in environment. 43. (A) How ancient philosophers measured the 39. (A) The influence of European popular music distance between heavenly bodies. on non-Western music. (B) How ancient philosophers explained the (B) The musical background of the director of cause of an eclipse of the Moon. the Broadway version of The Lion King (C) Why ancient philosophers thought the (C) The types of music used in the Broadway Earth was a sphere. version of The Lion King. (D) Why ancient philosophers thought the (D) Differences between the music of the Earth moved around the Sun. film version and the Broadway version of The Lion King. 44. (A) How the natural world was described in Greek mythology. FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Test (B) What they observed directly. did. (C) The writings of philosophers from other societies. 49. (A) They talked to one of Peary's companions. (D) Measurements made with scientific (B) They interviewed Peary. instruments. (C) They conducted a computer analysis of photographs. 45. (A) They noticed an apparent change in the (D) They examined Peary's navigation tools, position of the North Star. (B) They observed eclipses at different times 50. (A) Dr. Cook's expedition. of the year. (B) The conclusions of the Navigation (C) They were the first to estimate the distance Foundation. between heavenly bodies. (C) Exploration of the Equator. (D) They wanted to prove that the Earth was (D) Exploration of the South Pole. flat. 46. (A) A place for making astronomical Section Two: Structure and Written Expression observations. (B) An instrument used for observing stars. 1. Cobalt resembles iron and nickel in tensile strength, (C) A unit of measurement. appearance, ---. (D) The North Star. (A) is hard (B) although hard 47. (A) One of the students asked him about it in (C) has hardness the previous class. (D) and hardness (B) He read about it the previous day. (C) He had just read Dr. Frederick Cock's 2. --- who was the first Black woman to run for the office of travel log President of the United States in1972. (D) The students were required to read about (A) Shirley S. Chisholm it for that day's class (B) It was Shirley S. Chisholm (C) Shirley S. Chisholm was 48. (A) That Peary bad announced his success (D) When Shirley S. Chisholm prematurely. (B) That the investigation of Peary's 3. The quantum theory states ______, such as light, is given off expedition wasn't thorough. and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta or photons. (C) That Peary wasn't an experienced explorer. (A) energy that (D) That he had reached the pole before Peary (B) that it is energy FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Test (C) it is energy (A)in order (D) that energy (B)making 4. Dennis Chavez of New Mexico _____ to the House of (C)with Representatives in 1930 and to the Senate in 1938. (D)that (A) when elected (B) elected 9. Because of record snowfalls in the mountains surrounding (C) who was elected Utah’s Great Salt Lake, there is more water in the lake and its (D) was elected salt content is _____ it once was. (A) least as 5. _______ are not leached out of soil, reclamation procedures (B) much less than are needed to restore the land’s productivity. (C) the least what (A) For concentration of salt (B) Salt concentrations that 10. Liquid water has fewer hydrogen bonds than ice; so more (C) If salt concentrations molecules can occupy the same (D) With concentrations of salt space, making liquid water ______ than ice. (A) more dense 6.The seat of France’s North American holdings in the (B) is more dense eighteenth century was Quebec, and (C) more than dense the French heritage __dominant there. (D) as more dense (A)to remain (B)remaining 11.The fact that _____ was discovered in 1923 by the (C)by remaining astronomer Edwin Hubble. (D)has remained (A) the expansion of the universe (B) the universe is expanding 7.If Earth did not rotate, differences in air pressure would be (C) the universe, which is expanding __, with winds blowing from (D) when the universe expands high-pressure to low-pressure areas. (A)primary air flow to cause 12.Today _____ little fossil ivory remains comes from Alaska. (B)the primary cause of air flow (A) what (C)they primarily cause air flow (B) which (D)air flow has a primary cause (C) there is (D) where 8.A mobile is a sculpture constructed of parts so delicately connected and balanced __the entire suspended structure may 13.The letters of Abigail Adams to her husband and future be moved by vibration or manual manipulation. President, John, ____ during the FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Test American Revolution, conveyed a vivid picture of the times 21. Fewer people reside in Newfoundland than in other any (A) were written Canadian province except Prince Edward Island. (B) which written 22. Charcoal is employed widely as a deodorizer because it (C) written (D) written when absorbs gases good. 14. According to some critics, the novels of William Burroughs 23. Because geophysics embraces the concepts, data, and demonstrate the major hazard of absurd literature, _____ methods of variety other sciences, it is very board in scope, tendency toward over-embellishment and incoherence. (A) notwithstanding and its boundaries are hard to define. (B) besides (C) is a 24. A white oak at Rutgers University is said to had been the (D) its inspiration for Joyce Kilmer’s poem “Trees”. 15. Coinciding with the development of jazz in New Orleans in 25. Starfish move, feed, and breathes with their tube feet. the 1920’s _____ in blues music. (A) was one of the greatest periods. 26. The Whitney Museum continues to reflect the diversity of (B) one of the greatest periods (C) was of the greatest periods the art of the United Stated in all of it acquisitions. (D) the greatest periods. 27. Nutritionists believe what diet affects how one feels 16 The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations physically and emotionally. and plays a vital role in chewing, swallowed, and speaking. 28. Mealii Kalama, creator of over 400 Hawaiian quilts was 17. Instead of being housed in one central bank in Washington, D.C, the Federal Reserve system is division into twelve granted a National Heritage Fellowship in 1985 for herself districts. contributions to folk and art. 18. Philodendrons of various kinds are cultivated for their beautifully foliage. 29. A jetty serves to define and deepen a channel, improve 19. Kiwi birds mainly eat insects, worms, and snails and to navigate, or protect a harbor. search for their food by probing the ground with their long bills. 30. Minoru Yamasaki is an American architect which works 20. William Penn founded the city of Philadelphia in 1682, and departed from the austerity frequently associated with he quickly grew to be the largest city in colonial America. architecture in the United States after the Second World War. FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Test 31. Wind and oceans currents may move icebergs thousands 39. Choreographer Martha Graham’s pioneering technique, of kilometers from their resource. designed to express inner emotion through dance forms, 32. Locomotion of the body is produced through the representative the first real alternative to classical ballet. cooperation of skeletal muscles and another systems, 40. That brought about the widespread extinction of the including the skeletal, nervous, and circulatory systems. dinosaurs is unknown; it must, however, have involved major 33. On 1848 the first organized meeting for women’s rights in changes in the environment. the United States took pace in Seneca Falls, New York. 34. The word “fable” frequently denotes a brief tale in whose animals or inanimate objects speak and behave like humans, usually to advance a moral point. 35. In his book Roots, Alex Haley combines fact and fiction as he describes his family’s history begins in the mid-1700’s in Africa. 36. The poet Gwendolyn Brooks had she first poem published when she was thirteen years old. 37. Although copper was hammered into tools and ornaments by some early inhabitants of North America, the smelting and casting of copper were unknown between them. 38. As moist air in a warm front ascends the retreating wedge of cold air, it cools to produce cloudy and frequently causes precipitation. FACEBOOK: Video học TOEFL – NguyễnĐứcMùi SDT: 01692266928
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Section Three: Reading Comprehension Questions 1-10 2. It can be inferred from the passage that new markets opened in Philadelphia because As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the (A) they provided more modem facilities than older markets eighteenth (B) the High Street Market was forced to close century, it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growing (C) existing markets were unable to serve the growing population agricultural hinterland. Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as (D) farmers wanted markets that were closer to the farms. Line farmers from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, (5) vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople. The High Street 3. The word "hinterland " in line 3 is closest in meaning to Market was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reached (A) tradition (B) association from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street (C) produce (D) region between Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation. 4. The word "it" in line 6 refers to Along with market days, the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in (A) the crowded city (B) a radius (10) Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial (C) the High Street Market (D) the period cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods from outlying places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, 5. The word "persisted" in line 9 is closest in meaning to were popular items. (A) returned (B) started (C) declined (D) continued Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the 6. According to the passage, fairs in Philadelphia were held (15) competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although (A) on the same day as market says (B) as often as possible governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the (C) a couple of times a year (D) whenever the government allowed it ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants' side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became 7. It can be inferred that the author mentions "Linens and stockings" in line 12 to show that differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in they were items that (20) addition to general stores selling a variety of goods. (A) retail merchants were not willing to sell (B) were not available in the stores in Philadelphia One of the reasons Philadelphia's merchants generally prospered was because the (C) were more popular in Germantown man in Philadelphia surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. (D) could easily be transported They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the 8. The word "eradicate" in line 16 is closest in meaning to (25) capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the (A) eliminate (B) exploit courts of justice. (C) organize (D) operate 9. What does the author mean by stating in line 17 that "economic development was on the 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? merchants' side"? (A) Philadelphia's agriculture importance (A) Merchants had a strong impact on economic expansion. (B) Philadelphia's development as a marketing center (B) Economic forces allowed merchants to prosper. (C) The sale of imported goods in Philadelphia (C) Merchants had to work together to achieve economic independence (D) The administration of the city of Philadelphia (D) Specialty shops near large markets were more likely to be economically successful.
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(D) Wild parrots' nests provide information useful for artificial incubation. 10. The word "undergoing" in line 22 is closest in meaning to (A) requesting (B) experiencing 12. The word "They" in line 2 refers to (C) repeating (D) including (A) aviculturists (B) birds (C) eggs (D) rates Questions 11-22 13. According to paragraph 2, when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg are Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned cooler than the top, then how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue (A) there may be a good chance for successful incubation to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates. (B) the embryo will not develop normally Line When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the (C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a new position. (5) nest are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird's skin to the top portion (D) the incubation process is slowed down of the eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can 14. According to paragraph 2, sticks, rocks, or dirt are used to contribute to this temperature gradient Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt (A) soften the bottom of the nest for the newly hatched chick are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material. (B) hold the nest together (10) Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom (C) help lower the temperature at the bottom of the nest sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the (D) make the nest bigger water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation 15. According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to environment. (A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest (B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest (15) In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots (C) keep the nest in a clean condition and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators heat the (D) touch the bottom of the eggs eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird's method of natural incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability of the hatching chicks. 16. All of the following are part of a parrot's incubation method EXCEPT When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes outdoors (A) heating the water vapor as it rises from the bottom of the nest (20) to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become cold after (B) arranging nesting material at the bottom of the nest eggs are laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting material to (C) transferring heat from the parent to the top of the eggshell act as insulator against the cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden (D) maintaining a constant temperature on the eggshell bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a point where the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from 17. The word "suspend" in line 19 is closest in meaning to (25) direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo. (A) build (B) paint Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme (C)hang (D) move temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secure place to rest. 18. The word "fatal" in line 25 is closest in meaning to 11. What is the main idea of the passage? (A) close (B) deadly (A) Nesting material varies according to the parrots' environment. (C) natural (D) hot (B) Humidity is an important factor in incubating parrots' eggs. (C) Aviculturists have constructed the ideal nest box for parrots.
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19. The word "secure" in line 27 is closest in meaning to Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called (A) fresh (B) dry sediment sieves, screens built with a specified mesh size. When the soil is filtered (C) safe (D) warm (20) through a group of sieves, each with a different mesh size, the particles become grouped in corresponding size categories. Each category can be weighed to make a 20. According to paragraph 3, a deep foundation of nesting material provides textural determination. Although sieves work well for silt, sand, and larger particles, (A) a constant source of humidity (B) a strong nest box they are not appropriate for clay particles. Clay is far too small to sieve accurately; (C) more room for newly hatched chicks (D) protection against cold weather therefore, in soils with a high proportion of clay, the fine particles are measured on the (25) basis of their settling velocity when suspended in water .Since clays settle so slowly, 21. Which of the following is a problem with commercial incubators? they are easily segregated from sand and silt. The water can be drawn off and (A) They lack the natural temperature changes of the outdoors. evaporated, leaving a residue of clay, which can be weighed. (B) They are unable to heat the eggs evenly (C) They do not transfer heat to the egg in the same way the parent bird does. (D) They are expensive to operate. 23. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Characteristics of high quality soil 22. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage? (B) Particles typically found in most soils (A) Aviculturists (line I) (B) Gradient (line 8) (C) How a high clay content affects the texture of soil (C) Incubation (line 15) (D) Embryo (line 24) (D) Ways to determine the texture of soil Questions 23-33 24. The author mentions "several representative handfuls" in line 4 in order to show (A) the range of soil samples The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clay particles (B) the process by which soil is weighed to large boulders. The most abundant particles – sand, silt, and clay – are the focus (C) the requirements for an adequate soil sample of examination in studies of soil texture. Texture is the term used to describe the (D) how small soil particles are Line composite sizes of particles in a soil sample, typically several representative handfuls. (5) To measure soil texture, the sand, silt, and clay particles are sorted out by size and 25. The phrase "sorted out" in line 5 is closest in meaning to weight. The weights of each size are then expressed as a percentage of the sample (A) mixed (B) replaced weight. (C) carried (D) separated In the field, soil texture can be estimated by extracting a handful of sod and 26. It can be inferred mat the names of the three basic shapes mentioned in paragraph 2 reflect squeezing the damp soil into three basic shapes; (1) cast, a lump formed by squeezing (A) the way the soil is extracted` (B) the results of squeezing the soil (10) a sample in a clenched fist; (2) thread, a pencil shape formed by rolling soil between (C) the need to check more than one handful (D) the difficulty of forming different the palms; and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shape formed by squeezing a small sample between shapes the thumb and index finger. The behavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, if they can be formed at all, provides the basis for a general 27. The word "dampened" in line 15 is closest in meaning to textural classification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the (A) damaged (B) stretched (15) amount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, (C) moistened (D) examined behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded.
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28. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a soil sample with little or utterance. When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate unsureness or no clay in it? fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and (A) It is not very heavy. (B) It may not hold its shape when molded. (10) feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie them. Here the conversant's (C) Its shape is durable (D) Its texture cannot be classified tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually 29. The word "they" in line 23 refers to discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication (A) categories (B) sieves that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or (C) larger particles (D) clay particles (15) gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills, personality, and ability to create empathy will 30. It can be inferred from the passage that the sediment sieve has an advantage over the hand determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication. test in determining soil texture because (A) using the sieve takes less time (B) the sieve can measure clay Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of (C) less training is required to use the sieve (D) the sieve allows for a more others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is exact measure (20) confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, 31. During the procedure described in paragraph 3, when clay particles are placed into water for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker they perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation (A) stick to the sides of the water container (B) take some time to sink to the bottom can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the (C) separate into different sizes (D) dissolve quickly (25) speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities 32. The word "fine" in line 24 is closest in meaning to of the depressed (A) tiny (B) many (C) excellent (D) various 34. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The function of the voice in performance 33. All of the following words are defined in the passage EXCEPT (B) The connection between voice and personality (A) texture (line 3) (B) ribbon (line 11) (C) Communication styles (C) sediment sieves (line 19) (D) evaporated (line 27) (D) The production of speech 35. What does the author mean by staring that, "At interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen" (lines 9-10)? Questions 34-43 (A) Feelings are expressed with different words than ideas are. (B) The tone of voice can carry information beyond the meaning of words. A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. (C) A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication. The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting (D) Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas. information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual, and specialized 36. The word "Here" in line 10 refers to Line communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through (A) interpersonal interactions (B) the tone (5) choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by (C) ideas and feelings (D) words chosen the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the
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37. The word "derived" in line 15 is closest in meaning to The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn (A) discussed (B) prepared of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal (C) registered (D) obtained (10) schooling. By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, 38. Why does the author mention "artistic, political, or pedagogic communication" in line 17? extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the (A) As examples of public performance (B) As examples of basic styles of influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger communication industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were (C) To contrast them to singing (D) To introduce the idea of self-image (15) sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies. 39. According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice, may be an indication of a person's (A) general physical health (B) personality Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs (C) ability to communicate (D) vocal quality should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were one such population. 40. According to the passage, an overconfident front may hide Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the (A) hostility (B) shyness (20) urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for (C) friendliness (D) strength women was the home. 41. The word "drastically" in line 24 is closest in meaning to Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, (A) frequently (B) exactly American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, (C) severely (D) easily homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it (25) commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, 42. The word "evidenced" in line 25 is closest in meaning to overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American (A) questioned (B) repeated homemaker was viewed as a consumer rather than a producer. Schools trained women (C) indicated (D) exaggerated to be consumer homemakers cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children (30) "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees 43. According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate? in the homes of others. Subsequent reforms have made these notions seem quite (A) Lethargy (B) Depression out-of-date. (C) Boredom (D) Anger Questions 44-50 44. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that one important factor in the increasing importance of education in the United States was As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United (A) the growing number of schools in frontier communities States increased The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans (B) an increase in the number of trained teachers lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic (C) the expanding economic problems of schools Line life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling (D) the increased urbanization of the entire country (5) increasingly important for economic and social mobility. Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American 45. The word "means" in line 6 is closest in meaning to society. (A) advantages (B) probability (C) method (D) qualifications
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46. The phrase "coincided with" in line 9 is closest in meaning to (A) was influenced by (B) happened at the same time as (C) began to grow rapidly (D) ensured the success of 47. According to the passage, one important change in United States education by the 1920's was that (A) most places required children to attend school (B) the amount of time spent on formal education was limited (C) new regulations were imposed on nontraditional education (D) adults and children studied in the same classes 48. Vacation schools and extracurricular activities are mentioned in lines 11-12 to illustrate (A) alternatives to formal education provided by public schools (B) the importance of educational changes (C) activities that competed to attract new immigrants to their programs. (D) the increased impact of public schools on students. 49. According to the passage, early-twentieth century education reformers believed that (A) different groups needed different kinds of education (B) special programs should be set up in frontier communities to modernize them (C) corporations and other organizations damaged educational progress (D) more women should be involved in education and industry 50. The word "it" in line 24 refers to (A) consumption (B) production (C) homemaking (D) education
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