ECO111 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2 2. Major export markets and their characteristics 3 2.1 JAPAN 3 2.2 CHINA 5 2.2a Import and export between Vietnam and China 5 2.2b Exporting vegetables and fruits to the Chinese market 5 3. SWOT analysis 7 3.1 Strength 7 3.2 Weakness 8 3.3 Opportunities 8 3.4 Threats 9 4. The evaluation and recommendation of Vegetables VietNam’s export industries in the period 2020 - 2022 10 4.1 The evaluation 10 4.2 The recommendation 12 5. References 14 1. Introduction The fruit and vegetable sector has achieved impressive results in Vietnam's agricultural sector. The fruit and vegetable industry has surpassed coffee, rice, and rubber to become one of Vietnam's key export industries. However, Vietnam's vegetable and fruit industry still faces great difficulties and challenges in terms of production, processing and markets. Small scale accounts for a high proportion, large-scale concentrated production areas are gradually formed but still based on small and scattered farmers, causing difficulties in investment, quality management and consumption product. The area of vegetables and fruits has increased rapidly but there is no planning, the production association is still weak, the product quality is not high. In the first months of this year, there was a sharp decline. The market of Vietnamese fruit and vegetables are heavily dependent on China. Because the largest export market of Vietnam's vegetables and fruits, China, faces many difficulties. Products are limited with raw processing, deep processing is almost nonexistent. The problem of food hygiene and safety is also quite serious both in the domestic and export markets. Despite the sharp decline, this group of products is showing a positive shift to high-value export markets such as the EU, the US, Japan, and South Korea. Preservation and processing is still weak because the work of propaganda and instruction for farmers on advanced agricultural production technology and the application of technical advances to production has not been focused. The low labor force with vocational training in rural areas is one of the major obstacles in the application of mechanization in agricultural production, leading to low labor productivity and high input costs. 2 ECO111 2. Major export markets and their characteristics 2.1 JAPAN Characteristics of the Japanese fruits and vegetables market a. Import potential of the Japanese fruit and vegetable market In the period 2016-2020, the growth of fruit and vegetable import turnover of the Japanese market reached an average of 1.7% per year. By 2020, the total import turnover will reach US$ 9.38 billion, of which the import turnover of fresh fruits and vegetables will reach US$ 2.31 billion, the import turnover of processed fruits and vegetables will reach US$ 3.55 billion. The demand for importing fresh fruits and vegetables from Japan is almost saturated in the period 2016-2020, while the potential for importing fruit products, and processed products from vegetables and fruits still has potential for growth. According to USDA (2020), in general, the Japanese people's demand for fresh fruit has decreased in recent years due to the competition of processed goods (snacks or other desserts), especially for young consumers. However, demand for fresh fruit is increasing among the elderly, who tend to prefer fruit that is sweet, easy to peel and easy to prepare. 3