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Contents at a Glance ■Chapter 1: Becoming Acquainted with Excel......................................................... 1 ■Chapter 2: Navigating and Working with Worksheets......................................... 27 ■Chapter 3: Best Ways to Enter and Edit Data....................................................... 49 ■Chapter 4: Formatting and Aligning Data ............................................................ 89 ■Chapter 5: Different Ways of Viewing and Printing Your Workbook .................. 145 ■Chapter 6: Understanding Backstage ................................................................ 173 ■Chapter 7: Creating and Using Formulas........................................................... 219 ■Chapter 8: Excel’s Pre-existing Functions......................................................... 265 ■Chapter 9: Auditing, Validating, and Protecting Your Data ................................ 303 ■Chapter 10: Using Hyperlinks, Combining Text, and Working with the Status Bar.......................................................................................................... 343 ■Chapter 11: Transferring and Duplicating Data to Other Locations ................... 373 ■Chapter 12: Working with Tables....................................................................... 411 ■Chapter 13: Working with Charts ...................................................................... 445 ■Chapter 14: Importing Data ............................................................................... 503 ■Chapter 15: Using PivotTables and PivotCharts ................................................ 541 ■Chapter 16: Enhancing Workbooks with Multimedia ........................................ 591 ■Chapter 17: Automating Task with Macros ....................................................... 643 Index..................................................................................................................... 665 v
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Contents ■Chapter 1: Becoming Acquainted with Excel......................................................... 1 What Is Excel? ................................................................................................................. 1 History of Spreadsheets ................................................................................................... 2 Excel Navigation Basics ................................................................................................... 2 Creating, Saving, and Opening Workbooks ...................................................................... 4 Getting to Know the Ribbon.............................................................................................. 9 Ribbon Contextual Tabs .......................................................................................................................... 9 Resizing the Ribbon.............................................................................................................................. 10 Using Dialog Box Launchers ................................................................................................................. 11 Minimizing and Hiding the Ribbon........................................................................................................ 12 Using Ribbon Shortcuts ........................................................................................................................ 13 Quick Access Toolbar...................................................................................................... 15 Switch Between Touch and Mouse Mode............................................................................................. 16 Identifying the Current Cell............................................................................................. 19 Entering Data into a Worksheet...................................................................................... 19 Getting Help.................................................................................................................... 21 Screen Tips ........................................................................................................................................... 22 Excel’s Tell Me What You Want to Do Feature ....................................................................................... 22 Summary........................................................................................................................ 26 vii
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■ CONTENTS ■Chapter 2: Navigating and Working with Worksheets......................................... 27 Moving Between Cells Using the Keyboard.................................................................... 27 Selecting Cells ............................................................................................................... 30 Selecting Cells Using a Mouse ............................................................................................................. 31 Selecting Cells Using a Keyboard ......................................................................................................... 33 Select Cells by Using Their Cell References in the Name Box .............................................................. 35 Going Directly to Any Cell ..................................................................................................................... 37 Worksheets .................................................................................................................... 38 Naming Worksheets.............................................................................................................................. 39 Adding and Removing Worksheets ....................................................................................................... 39 Changing a Worksheet Tab Color .......................................................................................................... 41 Selecting Multiple Worksheets ............................................................................................................. 42 Hiding and Unhiding Worksheets.......................................................................................................... 42 Reordering and Copying Worksheets.................................................................................................... 43 Using Tab Buttons to Move Through the Worksheets ........................................................................... 44 Summary........................................................................................................................ 48 ■Chapter 3: Best Ways to Enter and Edit Data....................................................... 49 Data Types...................................................................................................................... 49 Inserting Special Characters .......................................................................................... 51 How to Change Column Widths ...................................................................................... 55 Automatically Resize Column Widths to Fit Number of Characters in the Cell ..................................... 58 Changing the Column Width for Multiple Columns ............................................................................... 58 How to Change Row Heights.......................................................................................... 61 Correcting Typing Mistakes ............................................................................................ 63 Changing Specifi c Characters .............................................................................................................. 63 Returning a Cell to Its Original Value .................................................................................................... 63 Clearing the Contents of a Cell That Has Already Been Accepted......................................................... 64 viii
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■ CONTENTS Shortcuts for Entering and Correcting Data ................................................................... 65 Using the AutoCorrect Feature.............................................................................................................. 65 Using AutoComplete to Enter Data........................................................................................................ 70 Pick from Drop-down List..................................................................................................................... 71 AutoFill.................................................................................................................................................. 73 Creating, Viewing, Editing, Deleting, and Formatting Cell Comments............................. 82 How to Add a Comment ........................................................................................................................ 82 How to View a Comment....................................................................................................................... 83 How to View all the Comments at the Same Time................................................................................ 83 How to Change the Default Name for Comments ................................................................................. 83 Editing and Deleting Comments ........................................................................................................... 84 Printing a Comment.............................................................................................................................. 84 Summary........................................................................................................................ 88 ■Chapter 4: Formatting and Aligning Data ............................................................ 89 Formatting Your Text Using the Font Group .................................................................... 89 Using Bold, Italics, Underline, and Double Underline ............................................................................ 90 Changing the Font and Its Size............................................................................................................. 90 Using the Font Group’s Dialog Box Launcher ....................................................................................... 93 Formatting with Color........................................................................................................................... 93 Check Which Formats Have Been Applied to the Current Cell .............................................................. 96 Cell Borders .......................................................................................................................................... 99 Formatting Numeric Data Using the Number Group..................................................... 110 Using Default Formats ....................................................................................................................... 111 Formatting Monetary Values............................................................................................................... 112 Converting Values to Percent Style..................................................................................................... 113 Converting Values to Comma Style..................................................................................................... 114 Changing the Number of Decimal Places ........................................................................................... 114 Accessing the Format Cell Dialog Box................................................................................................ 114 Aligning Data Using the Alignment Group .................................................................... 118 Fitting More Text into a Cell ................................................................................................................ 119 Aligning and Indenting Text in a Cell................................................................................................... 123 ix
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■ CONTENTS Align Text Vertically and Horizontally.................................................................................................. 123 Rotating Text....................................................................................................................................... 124 Using Format Painter to Copy Formatting .................................................................... 129 Using the Mini-Toolbars and the Context Menu ........................................................... 132 Inserting, Deleting, Hiding, and Unhiding Rows and Columns...................................... 134 Hiding and Unhiding Columns and Rows............................................................................................ 134 Inserting Columns and Rows.............................................................................................................. 139 Deleting Columns and Rows............................................................................................................... 139 Inserting and Deleting Cells ......................................................................................... 140 Summary...................................................................................................................... 143 ■Chapter 5: Different Ways of Viewing and Printing Your Workbook .................. 145 Views............................................................................................................................ 145 Page Break Preview ........................................................................................................................... 146 Page Layout View ............................................................................................................................... 151 Printing ........................................................................................................................ 157 Creating a Print Area........................................................................................................................... 157 Adding Additional Cells to the Print Area ............................................................................................ 158 Removing the Print Area..................................................................................................................... 158 Using Paste Special for Printing ......................................................................................................... 160 Dividing the Excel Window into Panes ......................................................................... 162 Freezing Rows and Columns ....................................................................................... 164 Synchronizing Scrolling................................................................................................ 165 Custom Views How to Create, Show, and Delete.......................................................... 168 Summary...................................................................................................................... 172 ■Chapter 6: Understanding Backstage ................................................................ 173 Backstage Overview..................................................................................................... 173 Info Group–Viewing, Adding, and Editing Information About the Workbook ................. 174 Properties Pane .................................................................................................................................. 175 Protect Workbook Options .................................................................................................................. 178 Check for Issues ................................................................................................................................. 180 x
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■ CONTENTS New Group—Creating a New Workbook ...................................................................... 185 Open Group—Open a Workbook .................................................................................. 188 Opening an Existing Workbook ........................................................................................................... 188 Options Affecting the Open Group ...................................................................................................... 191 Save and Save As groups—Saving a Workbook Using Save or Save As...................... 192 Document Recovery ........................................................................................................................... 194 Saving Workbooks with Protections: Backups and Limiting Changes ................................................ 201 Print Group—Printing a Workbook............................................................................... 205 Selecting a Printer .............................................................................................................................. 206 Printer Settings................................................................................................................................... 207 Share Group—Sharing Workbooks .............................................................................. 213 Sharing Online with OneDrive............................................................................................................. 214 Sharing Files Using E-mail ................................................................................................................. 217 Account Group.............................................................................................................. 218 Summary...................................................................................................................... 218 ■Chapter 7: Creating and Using Formulas........................................................... 219 Formulas ...................................................................................................................... 219 Introducing Formulas ......................................................................................................................... 219 Entering Formulas .............................................................................................................................. 221 Copying Formulas............................................................................................................................... 226 AutoCalculate Tools ...................................................................................................... 229 AutoSum ............................................................................................................................................. 229 Average, Count Numbers, Max, Min.................................................................................................... 233 Viewing Formulas......................................................................................................... 237 Creating Named Ranges and Constants....................................................................... 238 Naming Ranges .................................................................................................................................. 238 Naming Noncontiguous Ranges ......................................................................................................... 239 Naming Constants .............................................................................................................................. 240 Name Manager ................................................................................................................................... 241 Using Column or Row Headings for Range Names ............................................................................ 242 Selecting Named Ranges Rather Than Typing Them into Formulas ................................................... 244 xi
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■ CONTENTS Absolute Cell References ............................................................................................. 254 Mixed Cell References.................................................................................................. 259 Order of Precedence........................................................................................................................... 263 Summary...................................................................................................................... 264 ■Chapter 8: Excel’s Pre-existing Functions......................................................... 265 Excel’s Built-in Functions............................................................................................. 265 Function Construction .................................................................................................. 267 Functions That Sum Values .......................................................................................... 267 SUM Function ..................................................................................................................................... 268 Using the Insert Function Option ........................................................................................................ 270 SUMIF—Adds the Cells That Meet a Specifi ed Criteria ...................................................................... 276 SUMIFS—Adds the Cells That Meet Multiple Criteria......................................................................... 278 IF—Returns Different Values Depending upon If a Condition Is True or False ............. 282 AND - Returns TRUE if All of Its Arguments Are TRUE................................................... 286 OR—Returns TRUE If Any Argument Is TRUE ............................................................... 286 Nested Functions ......................................................................................................... 287 Date Functions ............................................................................................................. 292 TODAY Function—Returns the Current Date ...................................................................................... 293 NOW Function—Returns the Current Date and Time ......................................................................... 295 DATE Function—Returns the Serial Number of the DATE................................................................... 297 MONTH, DAY, and YEAR Functions ...................................................................................................... 298 DAYS—Returns the Number of Days Between Two Dates ................................................................. 300 Summary...................................................................................................................... 302 ■Chapter 9: Auditing, Validating, and Protecting Your Data ................................ 303 Validating Your Data and Preventing Errors.................................................................. 303 Data Validation.................................................................................................................................... 304 Evaluating Formulas..................................................................................................... 319 Using IFERROR.................................................................................................................................... 319 Correcting Circular References........................................................................................................... 320 xii
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■ CONTENTS Formula Auditing .......................................................................................................... 322 Tracing Precedents and Dependents .................................................................................................. 322 Using the Watch Window .................................................................................................................... 325 Using the Evaluate Formula Feature to Evaluate a Nested Function One Step at a Time................... 327 Proofreading Cell Values—Have Excel Read Back Your Entries................................... 331 Spell Checking.............................................................................................................. 333 Thesaurus..................................................................................................................... 334 Protect Worksheets and Cells from Accidental or Intentional Changes........................ 336 Protect Your Data at the Worksheet Level........................................................................................... 336 Protect Your Data at the Cell Level ..................................................................................................... 340 Summary...................................................................................................................... 341 ■Chapter 10: Using Hyperlinks, Combining Text, and Working with the Status Bar.......................................................................................................... 343 Working with Hyperlinks .............................................................................................. 343 Concatenation and Flash Fill ........................................................................................ 356 Using the Status Bar..................................................................................................... 364 Cell Mode............................................................................................................................................ 366 Flash Fill Blank Cells and Flash Fill Changed Cells............................................................................. 366 Caps Lock, Num Lock ......................................................................................................................... 366 Scroll Lock.......................................................................................................................................... 366 Fixed Decimal ..................................................................................................................................... 367 Overtype Mode ................................................................................................................................... 367 End Mode............................................................................................................................................ 367 Macro Recording ................................................................................................................................ 367 Selection Mode................................................................................................................................... 367 Page Number...................................................................................................................................... 367 Average, Count, Numerical Count, Minimum, Maximum, Sum............................................................ 367 View Shortcuts ................................................................................................................................... 367 Zoom and Zoom Slider........................................................................................................................ 368 Summary...................................................................................................................... 371 xiii
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■ CONTENTS ■Chapter 11: Transferring and Duplicating Data to Other Locations ................... 373 Moving and Copying Data............................................................................................. 373 Moving and Copying Cells Using the Drag-and-Drop Method ............................................................ 374 Moving and Copying Cells Using the Cut and Copy Buttons ............................................................... 376 Moving and Copying Cells Using the Keyboard .................................................................................. 377 Paste Button Gallery ........................................................................................................................... 379 Copy Data to Other Worksheets Using Fill Across Worksheets ........................................................... 385 Copy Data from One Workbook to Another ......................................................................................... 387 Paste Special................................................................................................................ 390 Using Paste Special ............................................................................................................................ 391 Using Paste Special to Transpose Rows and Columns ....................................................................... 393 Using Paste Special to Perform Calculations...................................................................................... 395 Inserting Copied or Moved Cells................................................................................... 400 Insert Copied Cells.............................................................................................................................. 400 Insert Cut Cells ................................................................................................................................... 403 Using the Microsoft Offi ce Clipboard............................................................................ 404 Entering Data into Multiple Worksheets at the Same Time .......................................... 405 Summary...................................................................................................................... 409 ■Chapter 12: Working with Tables....................................................................... 411 Creating and Formatting Tables ................................................................................... 411 Sort and Filter a Table .................................................................................................. 413 Adding to the Excel Table ............................................................................................. 414 Filtering Data with a Slicer........................................................................................... 422 Using Themes............................................................................................................... 424 Applying and Defi ning Cell Styles................................................................................. 429 Conditional Formatting................................................................................................. 432 Summary...................................................................................................................... 444 xiv
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■ CONTENTS ■Chapter 13: Working with Charts ...................................................................... 445 Chart Types................................................................................................................... 445 Creating and Modifying Charts..................................................................................... 448 Pie Charts..................................................................................................................... 465 The Standard Pie Chart....................................................................................................................... 465 Pie of Pie Subtype............................................................................................................................... 469 Combination Chart........................................................................................................ 477 Hierarchical Charts....................................................................................................... 481 Treemap Chart .................................................................................................................................... 481 Sunburst Chart.................................................................................................................................... 487 Sparklines .................................................................................................................... 495 Summary...................................................................................................................... 501 ■Chapter 14: Importing Data ............................................................................... 503 Importing Data into Excel ............................................................................................. 503 Importing Text Files ...................................................................................................... 504 Delimited Text Files............................................................................................................................. 504 Fixed-Width Text Files......................................................................................................................... 518 Importing Data from an Access Database .................................................................... 521 Importing Data from a Web Site ................................................................................... 524 Importing Data Using a Query ...................................................................................... 527 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 539 ■Chapter 15: Using PivotTables and PivotCharts ................................................ 541 Working with PivotTables ............................................................................................. 541 Creating a PivotChart ................................................................................................... 569 Creating PivotTable on a Relational Database.............................................................. 579 Summary...................................................................................................................... 589 xv
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■ CONTENTS ■Chapter 16: Enhancing Workbooks with Multimedia ........................................ 591 Adding Pictures to the Worksheet ................................................................................ 591 Using Screenshot ......................................................................................................... 599 Working with WordArt .................................................................................................. 603 Adding and Modifying Shapes...................................................................................... 609 Using SmartArt ............................................................................................................. 625 Inserting Sound into a Worksheet ................................................................................ 631 Inserting Video into a Worksheet.................................................................................. 633 Using Bing Maps .......................................................................................................... 634 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 641 ■Chapter 17: Automating Task with Macros ....................................................... 643 Creating (Recording) a Macro....................................................................................... 643 The Problem with Absolute Cell References ................................................................ 646 Saving a Macro-Enabled Workbook ............................................................................. 648 Creating a Macro Using Relative Cell References ........................................................ 650 Adding Macros to the Quick Access Toolbar and Other Objects................................... 652 Sharing the Personal Workbook with Others................................................................ 658 Looking at VBA Code .................................................................................................... 658 Creating Macros from Code.......................................................................................... 661 Summary...................................................................................................................... 664 Index..................................................................................................................... 665 xvi
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CHAPTER 1 Becoming Acquainted with Excel Excel is a powerful and versatile spreadsheet program that can be used for both business and personal needs. It has amazing capabilities that you can use to make any type of data you record more streamlined and productive. In the first chapter, you’ll learn the basics of creating worksheets, and how to use the Ribbon, a feature which drives the user-friendly resources in Excel. After reading and working through this chapter you should be able to • Know what Excel is and know some of its capabilities • Create, save, and open a workbook • Identify the current cell • Use the Ribbon • Use and customize the Quick Access Toolbar • Enter data in a worksheet • Get help by using Screen Tips and the Tell me what you want to do features What Is Excel? Excel is an electronic spreadsheet program. A spreadsheet is a grid of cells organized into rows and columns in which you enter and store your data. Excel can meet both your personal and professional needs. Using Excel, you can do all of the following: • Create, edit, sort, analyze, summarize, and format data as well as graph it. • Keep budgets and handle payroll • Track investments, loans, sales, inventory, etc. • Perform What-If Analysis to determine such things as “if the price of gas went up 20 cents per gallon” by how much would that decrease my profit, or “if I extend my loan payments from 15 years to 20 years” by how much will that affect my monthly payments, total payments, and total interest. One can improve the appearance of a spreadsheet or better convey what you want a spreadsheet to say by adding pictures, clip art, shapes, smart art, video, and audio. 1
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CHAPTER 1 ■ BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH EXCEL Microsoft Office is Microsoft’s most profitable product. Microsoft devoted most of its effort in Microsoft Office 2016 to updating Excel. Microsoft made few changes to its other products in Office. History of Spreadsheets VisiCalc (short for Visible Calculator) was the first computerized spreadsheet available to the public. It was created by Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston in 1979 for the Apple IIe and then released in 1981 for the newly created IBM PC. Up to this point, sales of personal computers had been slow because there wasn’t a lot you could do with them. Early PCs were very expensive and there weren’t any prewritten applications. They were mostly purchased by computer programmers who thought they were fascinating and it gave them a chance to practice programming at home. At this point, programmers worked on large-scale computers called mainframes. At that time, you couldn’t go to a store and buy software like you can today. Back then, company programmers wrote all the programs that the company needed themselves. Each company wrote its own payroll program, its own inventory program, etc. Companies didn’t share the software with each other. With VisiCalc, businesses now had a product that could be of great benefit. Sales of personal computers took off. VisiCalc became the world’s first Super App. VisiCalc also started a revolution in businesses being started for the sole purpose of creating software to be sold to the public. The Lotus 1-2-3 Spreadsheet program was released in 1983. It was made specifically for the IBM PC. It was faster and had better graphics than VisiCalc and soon replaced it. Lotus 1-2-3 greatly increased the sales of the IBM PC. Microsoft Excel has dominated the spreadsheet market since the 1990s. This Book An Excel book that taught you every possible option would be too large for you to carry. As you go through the material in the book, explore the different options and try different things, think about how you could use what is being taught in different environments. Don’t just click here and enter that, because that is what the book is telling you to do without thinking about what it is you are doing. Excel is so powerful and is capable of doing so many things. Be a free thinker and think about how you could use Excel to solve various problems. Throughout this book you will be reading about an Excel topic followed by a practice. You can learn by reading, but to fully comprehend the different topics you should do the exercises. Many illustrations are included to make it easier to follow along and comprehend. ■ Note Your Excel program might not match perfectly with this workbook. Microsoft is constantly making changes to the program through the Internet. Excel Navigation Basics Before we can do anything with Excel, let’s get to know the main parts of the program. Figure 1-1 shows an Excel workbook. The arrows have been added to highlight the purpose of the different areas of the workbook. 2
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CHAPTER 1 ■ BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH EXCEL Figure 1-1. An Excel workbook Figure 1-1 shows essential components of the workbook and worksheet. I’ll work clockwise around the sheet starting with the Quick Access Toolbar (QAT). • The QAT is a shortcut tool for storing the commands you use most often and want quick access to. • The formula bar shows the formulas for the current selected cell. Excel displays the result of the formulas, not the formula itself, in each cell. This bar lets you see the formula that is producing the cell results. • The vertical scroll bar and horizontal scroll bar allow you to move through the worksheet page. • The Zoom control, Page Break Preview, Page Layout View and Normal View are buttons that allow you to control how you are viewing the worksheet. • The Zoom control lets you increase or decrease the size (Zoom percentage) of the worksheet on your screen. • Page Break Preview allows you to control where one page ends and another begins. This helps make the worksheet more user friendly by allowing pages to be organized in a way that makes sense to the user. • Page Layout View shows how the page will look when it is printed. Use this function to ensure the printed workbook will be neat and easy to read. • Normal View is the default view. It shows how the workbook looks while you are working on it. Sheet Tabs let you select the worksheet that you want to work on or view. Many workbooks in Excel will have multiple sheets. 3
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CHAPTER 1 ■ BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH EXCEL The row number tells you what row you are on in the workbook. Excel has a potential of 1,048,576 rows. Columns are identified by letters. There are 16,384 columns in an Excel spreadsheet. This means that a single worksheet contains more than 17 billion cells. Each cell can hold 32,767 characters. How many worksheets you can have in a workbook depends upon your computer’s available memory. Each cell is identified by an address which consists of the column letter and the row number. The Name box displays the address of the cell where you are at the moment. The Name box in Figure 1-1 displays A1 which is the address of the current active cell. The Ribbon provides access to all of Excel’s capabilities. The Ribbon will be discussed in much greater detail later in this chapter and in subsequent chapters. Creating, Saving, and Opening Workbooks The first step is to create a workbook. Next, you must make sure to save your work as you go. You should consider what you want in the workbook and what it should be named before you create and save it. This will make it easy to open and use it again. We’ll start our Excel journey by creating a new workbook and then examine the different parts of the workbook. How you start Excel depends upon your operating system. Excel starts just like any other application you use. EXERCISE 1-1: CREATING AND SAVING A WORKBOOK In this exercise, we’ll create a simple blank workbook and save it. 1. Start your Excel program. If the Excel start button is on your status bar you can click on it, otherwise start Excel the way you normally start a program. Figure 1-2 shows the opening window. 4
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CHAPTER 1 ■ BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH EXCEL ■ Note The file names on the left side of your window will not be the same as those shown in Figure 1-2 because they are the names of the files that I have opened. 2. When you start a new workbook, you have two choices: • You can start with a blank workbook by clicking the Blank workbook button, or • You can click one of the many template buttons to create a new workbook based on the templates you selected. Click Blank workbook for this exercise. 3. Click any cell, type any value you want, and then press the Enter key. 4. Click the Save button located on the QAT at the top left of your window (see Figure 1-1). The first time you save the workbook Excel will display the File tab with Save As highlighted. See Figure 1-3. Figure 1-3. Places to save your workbook ■ Note You will learn a lot more about saving workbooks from the File tab (known as the Backstage) in Chapter 6. You can save your file to many different locations. If you are using this book in a school, you should ask your instructor where to save your files. The folders on the right are places where you have recently saved files. Selecting one of these locations or clicking on the Browse button will bring up the Save As window. 5. Click Browse. Your Save As window may look slightly different than the one in Figure 1-4 depending upon your version of Windows. If you have used File Explorer before, this window works the same 6
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CHAPTER 1 ■ BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH EXCEL way. Click a folder and then, if need be, click a folder within that folder as you build the path to where you want the file to be saved. The path is the drive and folders that you must go through to get to the file. The workbook being saved in Figure 1-4 is set to be saved in the Documents folder. You may want to store the file directly in the My Documents folder or you may want to create a folder under your My Documents folder and then store your files in it. The File name is Book1.xlsx by default. You should change the name to something more relevant to what you are working on. The File name can be changed by dragging across the word Book1 and then typing a new name. 6. Create the path to where you want your workbook saved by clicking on the folders in the left pane of the Save As window until you are at the location where you want to store your files. Figure 1-4. Save As window 7. Change the File name from Book1 to MyFirstWorkbook. Excel adds an extension of .xlsx to the file name. Make sure the Save as type is Excel Workbook(*.xlsx). 8. Click the Save button. 9. Enter any value you want in another cell then press Enter. 10. Click the Save button located on the QAT. Since you previously saved the file, the Save As window doesn’t appear. Excel saves the file with all the changes you made to it. 11. Close Excel by clicking the X in the upper right corner. 7
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