2 Chapter 2: Approaches to System Development Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 2 Learning Objectives Explain the purpose and various phases of the systems development life cycle (SDLC) Explain the differences between a model, a tool, a technique, and a methodology Describe the two overall approaches used to develop information systems: the traditional method and the object-oriented method Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 2 2 Learning Objectives (continued) Describe some of the variations of the system development life cycle (SDLC) Describe the key features of current trends in system development: the spiral model, eXtreme Programming (XP), the Unified Process (UP), and Agile Modeling Explain how automated tools are used in system development Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 3 2 Overview Systems development life cycle (SDLC) Provides overall framework for managing system development process Two main approaches to SDLC Traditional approach: structured systems development and information engineering Object-oriented approach: object technologies requires different approach to analysis, design, and programming All projects use some variation of SDLC Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 4 2 Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Systems development project Planned undertaking with fixed beginning and end Produces desired result or product Can be a large job of thousands of hours of effort or a small one month project Successful development project: Provides a detailed plan to follow Organized, methodical sequence of tasks and activities Produces reliable, robust, and efficient system Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 3rd Edition 5 Phases of the Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC) 2 Project planning: initiate, ensure feasibility, plan schedule, obtain approval for project Analysis: understand business needs a