Unit 2 Manufacturing Operations Sections: 1. Manufacturing Industries and Products 2. Manufacturing Operations 3. Production Facilities 4. Product/Production Relationships 5. Lean Production 6. Manufacturing Metrics Manufacturing Lead Time Rate of Production Production Capacity Work in Progress Design Times Utilisation/Availability Classification of Industries 1. Primary industries – cultivate and exploit natural resources  Examples: agriculture, mining 2. Secondary industries – convert output of primary industries into products  Examples: manufacturing, power generation, construction 3. Tertiary industries – service sector  Examples: banking, education, government, legal services, retail trade, transportation Manufacturing Industries ISIC Code  Food, beverages, tobacco 31  Textiles, apparel, leather and fur products  Wood and wood products, cork 33  Paper, printing, publishing, bookbinding 34  Chemicals, coal, petroleum, & their products  Ceramics, glass, mineral products 36  Basic metals, e.g., steel, aluminum 37  Fabricated products, e.g., cars, machines, etc.  Other products, e.g., jewelry, toys More Industry Classifications  Process industries, e.g., chemicals, petroleum, basic metals, foods and beverages, power generation  Discrete product (and part) industries, e.g., cars, aircraft, appliances, machinery, and their component parts Manufacturing Industry  Transformation Operations  Machine Processing  Assembly  Adding value*  Other Operations Material handling Inspection and testing Raw Material Transformation Process Part or Product Coordination and control Power Tools Machines Labour Scrap or Waste Processing Operations    Shaping operations  Solidification processes  Particulate processing  Deformation processes  Material removal processes Property-enhancing operations (heat treatments) Surface processing operations  Cleaning and surface treatments  Coating and thin-film deposition Assembly Operations  Joini