Springer Texts in Statistics Series Editors: G. Casella S. Fienberg I. Olkin For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/417 Gareth James • Daniela Witten • Trevor Hastie Robert Tibshirani An Introduction to Statistical Learning with Applications in R 123 Gareth James Department of Information and Operations Management University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA, USA Daniela Witten Department of Biostatistics University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA Trevor Hastie Department of Statistics Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA Robert Tibshirani Department of Statistics Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA ISSN 1431-875X ISBN 978-1-4614-7137-0 ISBN 978-1-4614-7138-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-7138-7 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013936251 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 (Corrected at 6th printing 2015) This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respectiv