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Signs, Songs, and 3.6.1 Symbols of America MAIN IDEA TEXT STRUCTURE SUMMARY This book gives students R EAD TH E BOO K information about cultural icons of the United SET PURPOSE Have students set a purpose for States, including Uncle Sam, the bald eagle, reading Signs, Songs, and Symbols of America. and the Stars and Stripes. Students will Students’ curiosity about symbols should learn more about the creation, meaning, and guide this purpose. importance of these symbols of freedom and how they are used in our society. STRATEGY SUPPORT: TEXT STRUCTURE Have students do a text feature search. Hand out LESSON VOCABULARY graphic organizers with the subheads: title, crown liberty heads, pictures, maps, photographs, bold print, models symbol captions, graphs. Ask students to list the text tablet torch features they find in the book. Then ask unforgettable unveiled students to write how these external features fit into the internal structure of the book. INTRO D UCE TH E BOO K When students are finished reading, suggest Discuss with they use their graphic organizers to help them INTRODUCE THE TITLE AND AUTHOR write summaries of the selection. students the title and the author of Signs, Songs, and Symbols of America. Ask students COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS if they recognize any of the cover photographs, What is the main idea of this page and if they know how each one relates to the PAGE 4 and what are two supporting details? (The title. main idea is that America has many symbols. BUILD BACKGROUND Discuss with students The supporting details are that the flag is one what American signs, symbols, or songs they symbol and the bald eagle is another.) already know and why each one represents Why would the cartoon encourage something about America. Ask students why PAGE 11 people to join the armed forces? (Uncle Sam they think a country needs symbols. is pointing and looking directly into your eyes, PREVIEW/USE TEXT FEATURES Suggest students making it seem as though he is asking you look at the captions and the subheads in personally to join the armed forces.) the book. Ask students how they think these What details help you understand elements help organize the book and help PAGE 12 why the Statue of Liberty is such an them understand the main idea of the book. important symbol? (The statue is a symbol of the friendship between France and America. The crown represents the seven seas and continents of the world, the torch lights the way to America, and the tablet has the date of the Declaration of Independence.) PAGE 14 How does the heading give you an idea of what the topic will be about? (The heading is about our nation’s government buildings.) 112 Signs, Songs, and Symbols of America
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R EVISIT TH E BOO K Skill Work READER RESPONSE 1. Main Idea: Our country has many important TEACH/REVIEW VOCABULARY songs written by people who were inspired Review with students the dictionary meaning by different moments in the country’s of each vocabulary word. Then invite history. Details: Francis Scott Key wrote the students to create clues for the words, song that became our national anthem after following these models: Something that ____; witnessing a battle. George M. Cohan met a this describes ____; and so on. Let students Civil War veteran who inspired him to write a work in pairs to answer each others’ clues. song about the flag. 2. The headings tell the topic of each section. Suggest students make flashcards, 3. unforgettable, unveiled, un- writing a riddle for each vocabulary word on Answers will vary but can include unlikely or one side and the word on the other. Use the unable. Sentences will vary. flashcards in class. 4. Answers will vary but should show some understanding of a battle scene and the TARGET SKILL AND STRATEGY inspiring effect of the flag waving. MAIN IDEA Remind students that the main idea is the most important point about EXTEND UNDERSTANDING Discuss organizational a topic. The main idea is sometimes not patterns with students, such as chronological stated directly, but the details of a selection or time order. Explain that signal words give can give clues to the main idea. Have students clues to these patterns. Suggest students read one section of the book and students brainstorm a list of words that fill in a graphic organizer with the headings: indicate time (when, then, after that time, first, Topic, Main Idea, Supporting Details. next, finally) and list the clue words they find in this book. TEXT STRUCTURE Remind students that text structure is a way to organize informa- RESPONSE OPTIONS tion. Recognizing internal structure can WRITING Ask students to research the tur- help students determine the main idea of a key and the bald eagle. Then have students selection. Explain that the author structures imagine they are Benjamin Franklin and write this selection using description and defini- an argument about why the turkey should be tion. Have students jot down notes about our national bird instead of the bald eagle. descriptions and definitions as they read to Suggest students work into their writings the help them recognize the text structure. facts they learned as they researched. ADDITIONAL SKILL INSTRUCTION SOCIAL STUDIES FACT AND OPINION Remind students that a CONNECTION statement of fact is something that can be Divide students into proven true and a statement of opinion is groups and invite them something someone thinks or believes. to form their own country. Point out that words such as worst, too Ask students to consider what kind much, and beautiful give clues that a of country they want to create and then sentence is a statement of opinion. Give have them draw a flag for that country, create students ten sentences, half of which are a symbol, and write lyrics for a short national fact and half opinion. Invite students to song. Share with the class. identify which is which. Signs, Songs, and Symbols of America 113
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Name Signs, Songs, Symbols Main Idea • The main idea is the author’s most important point about a topic. • Sometimes the main idea is not stated directly in a selection, but the details of a selection can give you clues. Directions Read the following passages. Then write down the main idea and list two details from the passage that support your answer. Our flag has thirteen stripes to remind something. Red is for hardiness, white us of our first colonies. There is a is for innocence, blue stands for justice. star for each state. The colors all mean Betsy Ross sewed the first flag. 1. Main idea: 2. Supporting detail: 3. Supporting detail: Francis Scott Key watched the British inspired him to write a poem about it, The attack during the War of 1812. When Star Spangled Banner, which was set to he looked out after a terrible battle, he music. This song later became our national saw that our flag was still waving. This anthem. 4. Main idea: © Pearson Education 3 5. Supporting detail: 6. Supporting detail: 114
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Name Signs, Songs, Symbols Vocabulary Directions Use five of these vocabulary words to write a story about the signs and symbols of America. Then write definitions for the words you don’t use in your story. Check the Words You Know crown liberty models symbol tablet torch unforgettable unveiled 1. © Pearson Education 32. 3. 4. 115
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