SCHAUM’S Easy OUTLINES PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS Other Books in Schaum’s Easy Outline Series Include: Schaum’s Easy Outline: College Mathematics Schaum’s Easy Outline: College Algebra Schaum’s Easy Outline: Calculus Schaum’s Easy Outline: Elementary Algebra Schaum’s Easy Outline: Mathematical Handbook of Formulas and Tables Schaum’s Easy Outline: Geometry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Precalculus Schaum’s Easy Outline: Trigonometry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Probability and Statistics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Statistics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Principles of Accounting Schaum’s Easy Outline: Biology Schaum’s Easy Outline: College Chemistry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Genetics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Human Anatomy and Physiology Schaum’s Easy Outline: Organic Chemistry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Physics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Programming with C++ Schaum’s Easy Outline: Programming with Java Schaum’s Easy Outline: French Schaum’s Easy Outline: German Schaum’s Easy Outline: Spanish Schaum’s Easy Outline: Writing and Grammar SCHAUM’S Easy OUTLINES PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS B A S E D O N S C H A U M ’ S Outline of Probability and Statistics BY MURRAY R. SPIEGEL, JOHN SCHILLER, AND R. ALU SRINIVASAN ABRIDGMENT EDITOR M I K E L E VA N SCHAUM’S OUTLINE SERIES M C G R AW- H I L L New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto abc McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-139838-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title:0-07-138341-7 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after ever