Vorschau wird generiert...
VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF AGRONOMY UNDERGRADUATE THESIS TITLE: THE EFFECTS OF WATERLOGGING AT GERMINATION STAGE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES IN WINTER CROPPING SEASON 2020 Student : Nguyen Thi Hai Yen ID code : 605280 Class : K61KHCTT Instructor : PhD. Nguyen Van Loc Department : Food crop HA NOI - 2021
COMMITMENT I hereby declare that this is my own research, the data and research results in this report are truthful and have not been used to defend a degree. I hereby certify that all assistance in the implementation of this graduate research project has been thanked and the information cited has been indicated by the origin, name of the author, time of publication. Ha Noi, February 25th, 2021 Student Nguyen Thi Hai Yen i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To complete this thesis, I am deeply indebted to people who have been providing me with precious support and advice. First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to the Dean of the Faculty and the teachers in the Faculty of Agriculture, especially the teachers in the Food Crops subject for facilitating help and having many valuable ideas to help me complete this graduation thesis. Secondly, I would like to send my gratitude to my instructor, Ph.D Nguyen Van Loc, Department of Food Crop, Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, for their enthusiastic support, helpful advice and considerable encouragement in the completion of my thesis. I would also like to express sincere thanks to M.S Tran Thi Minh Ngoc from Department of Food Crop and all the lectures from Faculty of Agronomy, who taught and created best conditions for students during learning process and research. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my family and my friends who have alwaay beens by my side, give me support and strength to complete this graduattion thesis. I sincerely thank you! Hanoi, February 25th , 2021 Student Nguyen Thi Hai Yen ii
CONTENTS COMMITMENT ............................................................................................................. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................... ii CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................ vii LIST OF PICTURES, FIGURES................................................................................viii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................1 1.1. Rationale...................................................................................................................1 1.2. Aims and requirements.............................................................................................3 1.2.1. Aims.......................................................................................................................3 1.2.2. Requirements.........................................................................................................3 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................4 2.1. Origin and distribution of soybeans .........................................................................4 2.2. Values of soybeans...................................................................................................4 2.2.1. The nutritional value..............................................................................................4 2.2.2. Value increase the crop, improve the agricultural environment ...........................6 2.2.3. The industrial value...............................................................................................7 2.2.4. The medical value..................................................................................................7 2.3. Soybean production in the world and Vietnam........................................................8 2.3.1. Soybean production in the world...........................................................................8 2.3.2. Soybean production in Vietnam..........................................................................10 2.4. Physiological requirements of soybean plants .......................................................12 2.4.1. Soil requirements.................................................................................................12 2.4.2. Humidity requirements........................................................................................12 2.4.3. Temperature requirements...................................................................................13 2.4.4. Light requirements...............................................................................................13 2.5. Soybean growth and development characteristics..................................................14 iii
2.5.1. Vegetative stage...................................................................................................15 2.5.2. Reproductive stage(R).........................................................................................16 2.6. Overview of research on the effects of inundation on soybean yield in the country and in the world.............................................................................................................17 2.6.1. Effects of inundation on soybean production......................................................17 2.6.2. Research situation of the effect of the flood on the development of soybean plants in the world. ........................................................................................................18 2.6.3. Research situation of the effect of the flood on the development of soybean plants in Viet Nam.........................................................................................................20 CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS.......................................................22 3.1.Plant materials .........................................................................................................22 3.2. Experimental design...............................................................................................22 3.3. Cultural practices....................................................................................................23 3.4. Research content.....................................................................................................24 3.5. Trait observation.....................................................................................................24 3.5.1. Qualitative traits ..................................................................................................25 3.5.2. Quantitative traits ................................................................................................25 3.6. Growth and development indicators.......................................................................25 3.7. Productivity components........................................................................................26 3.8. Data analysis...........................................................................................................26 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.........................................................27 4.1. Germination rate of soybean genotypes in winter cropping system 2020. ...........27 4.2. Vegetative traits of soybean genotypes..................................................................28 4.2.1. Plant height dynamic of soybean genotypes .......................................................28 4.2.2. The number of trifoliate leaves dynamic of soybean genotypes.........................31 4.2.3. The number of branches per plant dynamic of soybean genotypes. ...................34 4.2.4. The number of node dynamics of soybean genotypes. .......................................36 4.2.5. Some growth characteristics of soybean genotypes............................................38 4.3. The dry matter of soybean varieties after harvesting .............................................41 4.4. Components of productivity and yield of soybean genotypes ..............................43 iv
4.4.1. Components of productivity of soybean genotypes ............................................43 4.4.2. Yield of soybean genotypes.................................................................................47 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS .........................................54 5.1. Conclusions ............................................................................................................54 5.2. Suggestions.............................................................................................................55 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................56 APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................59 v
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS C : control CV : coefficient of variation LSD : Least significant difference W : waterlogging vi
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Nutritional value per 100g soybean seeds.......................................................5 Table 2.2 Soybean production in Vietnam from 2014 to 2018.....................................11 Table 2.3 Humidity and rainy requirements of soybean plant for each of stages.........13 Table 2.4 Temperature requirements for each of soybean stages .................................13 Table 2.5 Impact of flooding stress on different growth stages of a soybean crop.......19 Table 3.1 Soybean genotypes used for experiment in winter cropping systems...........22 Table 4.1 Germination rate of soybean genotypes........................................................27 Table 4.2 Plant height dynamic of soybean genotypes .................................................29 Table 4.3 The number of trifoliate leaves dynamic of soybean genotypes...................31 Table 4.4 The number of branches per plant dynamic of soybean genotypes. .............34 Table 4.5 The number of node dynamic of soybean genotypes....................................37 Table 4.6 Some growth characteristics of soybean genotypes......................................39 Table 4.7 The dry matter of soybean genotypes after harvesting. ................................41 Table 4.8 Components of productivity of soybean genotypes......................................43 Table 4.9 Components of productivity of soybean genotypes......................................44 Table 4.10 Yield of soybean genotypes. .......................................................................48 vii
LIST OF PICTURES, FIGURES Picture 2.1 World soybean production from 2000-2020.................................................8 Picture 2.2 Vegetative stage of soybean........................................................................15 Picture 2.3 Reproductive stages of soybean..................................................................16 Fig 3.1 Waterlogging and control treatment when soybeans were in germination stage............................................................................................................23 Fig 4.1 Variation in the plant height of soybean genotypes under waterlogging. Vertical bars indicate SEM ........................................................................30 Fig 4.2 Variation in the number of trifoliate leaves of soybean genotypes under waterlogging(A) and control condition (B). Vertical bars indicate SEM......33 Picture 4.1 Soybean genotypes under control(A), and waterlogging conditions(B) in the flowering stage.....................................................................................34 Fig 4.3 Variation in the number of branches per plant of soybean genotypes under waterlogging(A), and control conditions(B). Vertical bars indicate SEM............................................................................................................36 Fig 4.4 Variation in the number of node of soybean genotypes under waterlogging. Vertical bars indicate SEM ........................................................................38 Fig 4.5 The dry matter of soybean genotypes after harvesting. Bars genotypes are significantly different at P<0.05.................................................................42 Picture 4.2 TT2(A), and D8(B) genotype when harvesting ..........................................47 Fig 4.6 The individual yield of soybean genotypes. Bars genotypes are significantly different at P<0.05......................................................................................51 Fig 4.7 The actual yield of soybean genotypes. Bars genotypes are significantly different at P<0.05......................................................................................52 Fig 4.8 The theoretical yield of soybean genotypes. Bars genotypes are significantly different at P<0.05.................................................................52 viii
Die ersten 9 Seiten werden angezeigt. Laden Sie das Dokument herunter, um alles zu sehen.
Noch keine Kommentare. Seien Sie der Erste!
Kommentare (0)
Noch keine Kommentare. Seien Sie der Erste!